#if ( RWORDSIZE == 4 ) # define VREC vsrec # define VSQRT vssqrt #else # define VREC vrec # define VSQRT vsqrt #endif MODULE module_mp_wsm3 ! ! REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: dtcldcr = 120. ! maximum time step for minor loops REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: n0r = 8.e6 ! intercept parameter rain REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: avtr = 841.9 ! a constant for terminal velocity of rain REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: bvtr = 0.8 ! a constant for terminal velocity of rain REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: r0 = .8e-5 ! 8 microm in contrast to 10 micro m REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: peaut = .55 ! collection efficiency REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: xncr = 3.e8 ! maritime cloud in contrast to 3.e8 in tc80 REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: xmyu = 1.718e-5 ! the dynamic viscosity kgm-1s-1 REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: avts = 11.72 ! a constant for terminal velocity of snow REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: bvts = .41 ! a constant for terminal velocity of snow REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: n0smax = 1.e11 ! maximum n0s (t=-90C unlimited) REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: lamdarmax = 8.e4 ! limited maximum value for slope parameter of rain REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: lamdasmax = 1.e5 ! limited maximum value for slope parameter of snow REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: lamdagmax = 6.e4 ! limited maximum value for slope parameter of graupel REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: dicon = 11.9 ! constant for the cloud-ice diamter REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: dimax = 500.e-6 ! limited maximum value for the cloud-ice diamter REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: n0s = 2.e6 ! temperature dependent intercept parameter snow REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: alpha = .12 ! .122 exponen factor for n0s REAL, PARAMETER, PRIVATE :: qcrmin = 1.e-9 ! minimun values for qr, qs, and qg REAL, SAVE :: & qc0, qck1,bvtr1,bvtr2,bvtr3,bvtr4,g1pbr, & g3pbr,g4pbr,g5pbro2,pvtr,eacrr,pacrr, & precr1,precr2,xmmax,roqimax,bvts1, & bvts2,bvts3,bvts4,g1pbs,g3pbs,g4pbs, & g5pbso2,pvts,pacrs,precs1,precs2,pidn0r, & pidn0s,xlv1, & rslopermax,rslopesmax,rslopegmax, & rsloperbmax,rslopesbmax,rslopegbmax, & rsloper2max,rslopes2max,rslopeg2max, & rsloper3max,rslopes3max,rslopeg3max ! ! Specifies code-inlining of fpvs function in WSM32D below. JM 20040507 ! CONTAINS !=================================================================== ! SUBROUTINE wsm3(th, q, qci, qrs & , w, den, pii, p, delz & , delt,g, cpd, cpv, rd, rv, t0c & , ep1, ep2, qmin & , XLS, XLV0, XLF0, den0, denr & , cliq,cice,psat & , rain, rainncv & , snow, snowncv & , sr & , ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde & , ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme & , its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte & ) !------------------------------------------------------------------- #ifdef _OPENMP use omp_lib #endif IMPLICIT NONE !------------------------------------------------------------------- ! ! ! This code is a 3-class simple ice microphyiscs scheme (WSM3) of the WRF ! Single-Moment MicroPhyiscs (WSMMP). The WSMMP assumes that ice nuclei ! number concentration is a function of temperature, and seperate assumption ! is developed, in which ice crystal number concentration is a function ! of ice amount. A theoretical background of the ice-microphysics and related ! processes in the WSMMPs are described in Hong et al. (2004). ! Production terms in the WSM6 scheme are described in Hong and Lim (2006). ! All units are in m.k.s. and source/sink terms in kgkg-1s-1. ! ! WSM3 cloud scheme ! ! Coded by Song-You Hong (Yonsei Univ.) ! Jimy Dudhia (NCAR) and Shu-Hua Chen (UC Davis) ! Summer 2002 ! ! Implemented by Song-You Hong (Yonsei Univ.) and Jimy Dudhia (NCAR) ! Summer 2003 ! ! Reference) Hong, Dudhia, Chen (HDC, 2004) Mon. Wea. Rev. ! Dudhia (D89, 1989) J. Atmos. Sci. ! Hong and Lim (HL, 2006) J. Korean Meteor. Soc. ! INTEGER, INTENT(IN ) :: ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde , & ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme , & its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme , jms:jme ), & INTENT(INOUT) :: & th, & q, & qci, & qrs REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme , jms:jme ), & INTENT(IN ) :: w, & den, & pii, & p, & delz REAL, INTENT(IN ) :: delt, & g, & rd, & rv, & t0c, & den0, & cpd, & cpv, & ep1, & ep2, & qmin, & XLS, & XLV0, & XLF0, & cliq, & cice, & psat, & denr REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , jms:jme ), & INTENT(INOUT) :: rain, & rainncv REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , jms:jme ), OPTIONAL, & INTENT(INOUT) :: snow, & snowncv, & sr ! LOCAL VAR REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) :: t INTEGER :: i,j,k #ifdef _ACCEL_PROF integer :: l real*8 wsm3_t(8,256), wsm5_t(8,256), t1, t2 common /wsm_times/ wsm3_t(8,256), wsm5_t(8,256) #endif !------------------------------------------------------------------- #ifdef _ACCEL_PROF call cpu_time(t1) #endif #ifdef _ACCEL CALL wsm32D(th, q, qci, qrs, & w, den, pii, p, delz, rain, rainncv, & delt,g, cpd, cpv, rd, rv, t0c, & ep1, ep2, qmin, & XLS, XLV0, XLF0, den0, denr, & cliq,cice,psat, & ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde, & ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme, & its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte ) #else DO j=jts,jte DO k=kts,kte DO i=its,ite t(i,k)=th(i,k,j)*pii(i,k,j) ENDDO ENDDO CALL wsm32D(t, q(ims,kms,j), qci(ims,kms,j) & ,qrs(ims,kms,j),w(ims,kms,j), den(ims,kms,j) & ,p(ims,kms,j), delz(ims,kms,j) & ,delt,g, cpd, cpv, rd, rv, t0c & ,ep1, ep2, qmin & ,XLS, XLV0, XLF0, den0, denr & ,cliq,cice,psat & ,j & ,rain(ims,j), rainncv(ims,j) & ,snow(ims,j),snowncv(ims,j) & ,sr(ims,j) & ,ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde & ,ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme & ,its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte & ) DO K=kts,kte DO I=its,ite th(i,k,j)=t(i,k)/pii(i,k,j) ENDDO ENDDO ENDDO #endif #ifdef _ACCEL_PROF call cpu_time(t2) #ifdef _OPENMP l = omp_get_thread_num() + 1 #else l = 1 #endif wsm3_t(1,l) = wsm3_t(1,l) + (t2 - t1) #endif END SUBROUTINE wsm3 #ifdef _ACCEL !=================================================================== !{ SUBROUTINE wsm32D(th, q, qci, qrs, & w, den, pii, p, delz, rain, rainncv, & delt,g, cpd, cpv, rd, rv, t0c, & ep1, ep2, qmin, & XLS, XLV0, XLF0, den0, denr, & cliq,cice,psat, & ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde, & ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme, & its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte ) !------------------------------------------------------------------- IMPLICIT NONE !------------------------------------------------------------------- INTEGER, INTENT(IN ) :: ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde , & ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme , & its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme, ims:ims ), & INTENT(INOUT) :: & th REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme, ims:ims ), & INTENT(IN) :: & pii REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme, jms:jme ), & INTENT(INOUT) :: & q, & qci, & qrs REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme, jms:jme ), & INTENT(IN ) :: w, & den, & p, & delz REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , jms:jme ), & INTENT(INOUT) :: rain, & rainncv REAL, INTENT(IN ) :: delt, & g, & cpd, & cpv, & t0c, & den0, & rd, & rv, & ep1, & ep2, & qmin, & XLS, & XLV0, & XLF0, & cliq, & cice, & psat, & denr ! LOCAL VAR REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) :: & rh, qs, denfac, rslope, rslope2, rslope3, rslopeb, & pgen, paut, pacr, pisd, pres, pcon, fall, falk, & xl, cpm, work1, work2, xni, qs0, n0sfac ! LOCAL VAR REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte, jts:jte ) :: t REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) :: & falkc, work1c, work2c, fallc INTEGER :: mstep, numdt LOGICAL, DIMENSION( its:ite ) :: flgcld REAL :: pi, & cpmcal, xlcal, lamdar, lamdas, diffus, & viscos, xka, venfac, conden, diffac, & x, y, z, a, b, c, d, e, & qdt, pvt, qik, delq, facq, qrsci, frzmlt, & snomlt, hold, holdrs, facqci, supcol, coeres, & supsat, dtcld, xmi, qciik, delqci, eacrs, satdt, & qimax, diameter, xni0, roqi0 REAL :: holdc, holdci INTEGER :: i, k, j, & iprt, latd, lond, loop, loops, ifsat, kk, n ! #define INL #ifdef INL ! Temporaries used for inlining fpvs function REAL :: dldti, xb, xai, tr, xbi, xa, hvap, cvap, hsub, dldt, ttp #endif !================================================================= ! compute internal functions ! cpmcal(x) = cpd*(1.-max(x,qmin))+max(x,qmin)*cpv xlcal(x) = xlv0-xlv1*(x-t0c) ! tvcal(x,y) = x+x*ep1*max(y,qmin) !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! size distributions: (x=mixing ratio, y=air density): ! valid for mixing ratio > 1.e-9 kg/kg. ! lamdar(x,y)=(pidn0r/(x*y))**.25 lamdas(x,y,z)=(pidn0s*z/(x*y))**.25 ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! diffus: diffusion coefficient of the water vapor ! viscos: kinematic viscosity(m2s-1) ! diffus(x,y) = 8.794e-5*x**1.81/y viscos(x,y) = 1.496e-6*x**1.5/(x+120.)/y xka(x,y) = 1.414e3*viscos(x,y)*y diffac(a,b,c,d,e) = d*a*a/(xka(c,d)*rv*c*c)+1./(e*diffus(c,b)) venfac(a,b,c) = (viscos(b,c)/diffus(b,a))**(.3333333) & /viscos(b,c)**(.5)*(den0/c)**0.25 conden(a,b,c,d,e) = (max(b,qmin)-c)/(1.+d*d/(rv*e)*c/(a*a)) ! pi = 4. * atan(1.) ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! compute the minor time steps. ! loops = max(int(delt/dtcldcr+0.5),1) dtcld = delt/loops if(delt.le.dtcldcr) dtcld = delt #ifdef INL cvap = cpv hvap=xlv0 hsub=xls ttp=t0c+0.1 dldt=cvap-cliq xa=-dldt/rv xb=xa+hvap/(rv*ttp) dldti=cvap-cice xai=-dldti/rv xbi=xai+hsub/(rv*ttp) #endif ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! paddint 0 for negative values generated by dynamics ! !$acc region & !$acc local(t) & !$acc copyin(delz(:,:,:),p(:,:,:)) & !$acc copyin(den(:,:,:),w(:,:,:)) & !$acc copy(q(:,:,:),qci(:,:,:),qrs(:,:,:)) !$acc do & !$acc private(rh,qs,denfac,rslope,rslope2,rslope3,rslopeb) & !$acc private(pgen,paut,pacr,pisd,pres,pcon,fall,falk) & !$acc private(xl,cpm,work1,work2,xni,qs0,n0sfac) & !$acc private(falkc,work1c,work2c,fallc) & !$acc parallel do j = jts, jte !$acc do & !$acc private(numdt,mstep) & !$acc kernel vector(96) do i = its, ite do k = kts, kte t(i,k,j)=th(i,k,j)*pii(i,k,j) qci(i,k,j) = max(qci(i,k,j),0.0) qrs(i,k,j) = max(qrs(i,k,j),0.0) enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! latent heat for phase changes and heat capacity. neglect the ! changes during microphysical process calculation ! emanuel(1994) ! do k = kts, kte cpm(i,k) = cpmcal(q(i,k,j)) xl(i,k) = xlcal(t(i,k,j)) enddo ! do loop = 1,loops ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! initialize the large scale variables ! mstep = 1 flgcld(i) = .true. ! do k = kts, kte denfac(i,k) = sqrt(den0/den(i,k,j)) enddo ! do k = kts, kte #ifndef INL qs(i,k) = fpvs(t(i,k,j),1,rd,rv,cpv,cliq,cice,xlv0,xls,psat,t0c) qs0(i,k) = fpvs(t(i,k,j),0,rd,rv,cpv,cliq,cice,xlv0,xls,psat,t0c) #else tr=ttp/t(i,k,j) if(t(i,k,j).lt.ttp) then qs(i,k) =psat*(tr**xai)*exp(xbi*(1.-tr)) else qs(i,k) =psat*(tr**xa)*exp(xb*(1.-tr)) endif qs0(i,k) =psat*(tr**xa)*exp(xb*(1.-tr)) #endif qs0(i,k) = (qs0(i,k)-qs(i,k))/qs(i,k) qs(i,k) = ep2 * qs(i,k) / (p(i,k,j) - qs(i,k)) qs(i,k) = max(qs(i,k),qmin) rh(i,k) = max(q(i,k,j) / qs(i,k),qmin) enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! initialize the variables for microphysical physics ! ! do k = kts, kte pres(i,k) = 0. paut(i,k) = 0. pacr(i,k) = 0. pgen(i,k) = 0. pisd(i,k) = 0. pcon(i,k) = 0. fall(i,k) = 0. falk(i,k) = 0. fallc(i,k) = 0. falkc(i,k) = 0. xni(i,k) = 1.e3 enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! compute the fallout term: ! first, vertical terminal velosity for minor loops !--------------------------------------------------------------- ! n0s: Intercept parameter for snow [m-4] [HDC 6] !--------------------------------------------------------------- do k = kts, kte supcol = t0c-t(i,k,j) n0sfac(i,k) = max(min(exp(alpha*supcol),n0smax/n0s),1.) if(t(i,k,j).ge.t0c) then if(qrs(i,k,j).le.qcrmin)then rslope(i,k) = rslopermax rslopeb(i,k) = rsloperbmax rslope2(i,k) = rsloper2max rslope3(i,k) = rsloper3max else rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdar(qrs(i,k,j),den(i,k,j)) rslopeb(i,k) = rslope(i,k)**bvtr rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k) rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k) endif else if(qrs(i,k,j).le.qcrmin)then rslope(i,k) = rslopesmax rslopeb(i,k) = rslopesbmax rslope2(i,k) = rslopes2max rslope3(i,k) = rslopes3max else rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdas(qrs(i,k,j),den(i,k,j),n0sfac(i,k)) rslopeb(i,k) = rslope(i,k)**bvts rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k) rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k) endif endif !------------------------------------------------------------- ! Ni: ice crystal number concentraiton [HDC 5c] !------------------------------------------------------------- xni(i,k) = min(max(5.38e7*(den(i,k,j) & *max(qci(i,k,j),qmin))**0.75,1.e3),1.e6) enddo ! numdt = 1 do k = kte, kts, -1 if(t(i,k,j).lt.t0c) then pvt = pvts else pvt = pvtr endif work1(i,k) = pvt*rslopeb(i,k)*denfac(i,k) work2(i,k) = work1(i,k)/delz(i,k,j) numdt = max(int(work2(i,k)*dtcld+1.),1) if(numdt.ge.mstep) mstep = numdt enddo ! do n = 1, mstep k = kte falk(i,k) = den(i,k,j)*qrs(i,k,j)*work2(i,k)/mstep hold = falk(i,k) fall(i,k) = fall(i,k)+falk(i,k) holdrs = qrs(i,k,j) qrs(i,k,j) = max(qrs(i,k,j)-falk(i,k)*dtcld/den(i,k,j),0.) do k = kte-1, kts, -1 falk(i,k) = den(i,k,j)*qrs(i,k,j)*work2(i,k)/mstep hold = falk(i,k) fall(i,k) = fall(i,k)+falk(i,k) holdrs = qrs(i,k,j) qrs(i,k,j) = max(qrs(i,k,j)-(falk(i,k) & -falk(i,k+1)*delz(i,k+1,j)/delz(i,k,j))*dtcld/den(i,k,j),0.) enddo enddo !--------------------------------------------------------------- ! Vice [ms-1] : fallout of ice crystal [HDC 5a] !--------------------------------------------------------------- mstep = 1 numdt = 1 do k = kte, kts, -1 if(t(i,k,j).lt.t0c.and.qci(i,k,j).gt.0.) then xmi = den(i,k,j)*qci(i,k,j)/xni(i,k) diameter = dicon * sqrt(xmi) work1c(i,k) = 1.49e4*diameter**1.31 else work1c(i,k) = 0. endif if(qci(i,k,j).le.0.) then work2c(i,k) = 0. else work2c(i,k) = work1c(i,k)/delz(i,k,j) endif numdt = max(int(work2c(i,k)*dtcld+1.),1) if(numdt.ge.mstep) mstep = numdt enddo ! do n = 1, mstep k = kte falkc(i,k) = den(i,k,j)*qci(i,k,j)*work2c(i,k)/mstep holdc = falkc(i,k) fallc(i,k) = fallc(i,k)+falkc(i,k) holdci = qci(i,k,j) qci(i,k,j) = max(qci(i,k,j)-falkc(i,k)*dtcld/den(i,k,j),0.) do k = kte-1, kts, -1 falkc(i,k) = den(i,k,j)*qci(i,k,j)*work2c(i,k)/mstep holdc = falkc(i,k) fallc(i,k) = fallc(i,k)+falkc(i,k) holdci = qci(i,k,j) qci(i,k,j) = max(qci(i,k,j)-(falkc(i,k) & -falkc(i,k+1)*delz(i,k+1,j)/delz(i,k,j))*dtcld/den(i,k,j),0.) enddo enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! compute the freezing/melting term. [D89 B16-B17] ! freezing occurs one layer above the melting level ! mstep = 0 ! do k = kts, kte if(t(i,k,j).ge.t0c) then mstep = k endif enddo ! if(mstep.ne.0.and.w(i,mstep,j).gt.0.) then work1(i,1) = float(mstep + 1) work1(i,2) = float(mstep) else work1(i,1) = float(mstep) work1(i,2) = float(mstep) endif ! k = int(work1(i,1)+0.5) kk = int(work1(i,2)+0.5) if(k*kk.ge.1) then qrsci = qrs(i,k,j) + qci(i,k,j) if(qrsci.gt.0..or.fall(i,kk).gt.0.) then frzmlt = min(max(-w(i,k,j)*qrsci/delz(i,k,j),-qrsci/dtcld), & qrsci/dtcld) snomlt = min(max(fall(i,kk)/den(i,kk,j),-qrs(i,k,j)/dtcld), & qrs(i,k,j)/dtcld) if(k.eq.kk) then t(i,k,j) = t(i,k,j) - xlf0/cpm(i,k)*(frzmlt+snomlt)*dtcld else t(i,k,j) = t(i,k,j) - xlf0/cpm(i,k)*frzmlt*dtcld t(i,kk,j) = t(i,kk,j) - xlf0/cpm(i,kk)*snomlt*dtcld endif endif endif ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! rain (unit is mm/sec;kgm-2s-1: /1000*delt ===> m)==> mm for wrf ! if(fall(i,1).gt.0.) then rainncv(i,j) = fall(i,1)*delz(i,1,j)/denr*dtcld*1000. rain(i,j) = fall(i,1)*delz(i,1,j)/denr*dtcld*1000. & + rain(i,j) endif ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! rsloper: reverse of the slope parameter of the rain(m,j) ! xka: thermal conductivity of air(jm-1s-1k-1) ! work1: the thermodynamic term in the denominator associated with ! heat conduction and vapor diffusion ! (ry88, y93, h85) ! work2: parameter associated with the ventilation effects(y93) ! do k = kts, kte if(t(i,k,j).ge.t0c) then if(qrs(i,k,j).le.qcrmin)then rslope(i,k) = rslopermax rslopeb(i,k) = rsloperbmax rslope2(i,k) = rsloper2max rslope3(i,k) = rsloper3max else rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdar(qrs(i,k,j),den(i,k,j)) rslopeb(i,k) = rslope(i,k)**bvtr rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k) rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k) endif else if(qrs(i,k,j).le.qcrmin)then rslope(i,k) = rslopesmax rslopeb(i,k) = rslopesbmax rslope2(i,k) = rslopes2max rslope3(i,k) = rslopes3max else rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdas(qrs(i,k,j),den(i,k,j),n0sfac(i,k)) rslopeb(i,k) = rslope(i,k)**bvts rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k) rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k) endif endif enddo ! do k = kts, kte if(t(i,k,j).ge.t0c) then work1(i,k) = diffac(xl(i,k),p(i,k,j),t(i,k,j),den(i,k,j),qs(i,k)) else work1(i,k) = diffac(xls,p(i,k,j),t(i,k,j),den(i,k,j),qs(i,k)) endif work2(i,k) = venfac(p(i,k,j),t(i,k,j),den(i,k,j)) enddo ! do k = kts, kte supsat = max(q(i,k,j),qmin)-qs(i,k) satdt = supsat/dtcld if(t(i,k,j).ge.t0c) then ! !=============================================================== ! ! warm rain processes ! ! - follows the processes in RH83 and LFO except for autoconcersion ! !=============================================================== !--------------------------------------------------------------- ! paut1: auto conversion rate from cloud to rain [HDC 16] ! (C->R) !--------------------------------------------------------------- if(qci(i,k,j).gt.qc0) then paut(i,k) = qck1*qci(i,k,j)**(7./3.) paut(i,k) = min(paut(i,k),qci(i,k,j)/dtcld) endif !--------------------------------------------------------------- ! pracw: accretion of cloud water by rain [D89 B15] ! (C->R) !--------------------------------------------------------------- if(qrs(i,k,j).gt.qcrmin.and.qci(i,k,j).gt.qmin) then pacr(i,k) = min(pacrr*rslope3(i,k)*rslopeb(i,k) & *qci(i,k,j)*denfac(i,k),qci(i,k,j)/dtcld) endif !--------------------------------------------------------------- ! pres1: evaporation/condensation rate of rain [HDC 14] ! (V->R or R->V) !--------------------------------------------------------------- if(qrs(i,k,j).gt.0.) then coeres = rslope2(i,k)*sqrt(rslope(i,k)*rslopeb(i,k)) pres(i,k) = (rh(i,k)-1.)*(precr1*rslope2(i,k) & +precr2*work2(i,k)*coeres)/work1(i,k) if(pres(i,k).lt.0.) then pres(i,k) = max(pres(i,k),-qrs(i,k,j)/dtcld) pres(i,k) = max(pres(i,k),satdt/2) else pres(i,k) = min(pres(i,k),satdt/2) endif endif else ! !=============================================================== ! ! cold rain processes ! ! - follows the revised ice microphysics processes in HDC ! - the processes same as in RH83 and LFO behave ! following ice crystal hapits defined in HDC, inclduing ! intercept parameter for snow (n0s), ice crystal number ! concentration (ni), ice nuclei number concentration ! (n0i), ice diameter (d) ! !=============================================================== ! supcol = t0c-t(i,k,j) ifsat = 0 !------------------------------------------------------------- ! Ni: ice crystal number concentraiton [HDC 5c] !------------------------------------------------------------- xni(i,k) = min(max(5.38e7*(den(i,k,j) & *max(qci(i,k,j),qmin))**0.75,1.e3),1.e6) eacrs = exp(0.05*(-supcol)) ! if(qrs(i,k,j).gt.qcrmin.and.qci(i,k,j).gt.qmin) then pacr(i,k) = min(pacrs*n0sfac(i,k)*eacrs*rslope3(i,k) & *rslopeb(i,k)*qci(i,k,j)*denfac(i,k),qci(i,k,j)/dtcld) endif !------------------------------------------------------------- ! pisd: Deposition/Sublimation rate of ice [HDC 9] ! (TI or I->V) !------------------------------------------------------------- if(qci(i,k,j).gt.0.) then xmi = den(i,k,j)*qci(i,k,j)/xni(i,k) diameter = dicon * sqrt(xmi) pisd(i,k) = 4.*diameter*xni(i,k)*(rh(i,k)-1.) & /work1(i,k) if(pisd(i,k).lt.0.) then pisd(i,k) = max(pisd(i,k),satdt/2) pisd(i,k) = max(pisd(i,k),-qci(i,k,j)/dtcld) else pisd(i,k) = min(pisd(i,k),satdt/2) endif if(abs(pisd(i,k)).ge.abs(satdt)) ifsat = 1 endif !------------------------------------------------------------- ! pres2: deposition/sublimation rate of snow [HDC 14] ! (V->S or S->V) !------------------------------------------------------------- if(qrs(i,k,j).gt.0..and.ifsat.ne.1) then coeres = rslope2(i,k)*sqrt(rslope(i,k)*rslopeb(i,k)) pres(i,k) = (rh(i,k)-1.)*n0sfac(i,k)*(precs1*rslope2(i,k) & +precs2*work2(i,k)*coeres)/work1(i,k) if(pres(i,k).lt.0.) then pres(i,k) = max(pres(i,k),-qrs(i,k,j)/dtcld) pres(i,k) = max(pres(i,k),satdt/2) else pres(i,k) = min(pres(i,k),satdt/2) endif if(abs(pisd(i,k)+pres(i,k)).ge.abs(satdt)) ifsat = 1 endif !------------------------------------------------------------- ! pgen: generation(nucleation) of ice from vapor [HDC 7-8] ! (TI) !------------------------------------------------------------- if(supsat.gt.0.and.ifsat.ne.1) then xni0 = 1.e3*exp(0.1*supcol) roqi0 = 4.92e-11*xni0**1.33 pgen(i,k) = max(0.,(roqi0/den(i,k,j)-max(qci(i,k,j),0.))/dtcld) pgen(i,k) = min(pgen(i,k),satdt) endif !------------------------------------------------------------- ! paut2: conversion(aggregation) of ice to snow [HDC 12] ! (TS) !------------------------------------------------------------- if(qci(i,k,j).gt.0.) then qimax = roqimax/den(i,k,j) paut(i,k) = max(0.,(qci(i,k,j)-qimax)/dtcld) endif endif enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! check mass conservation of generation terms and feedback to the ! large scale ! do k = kts, kte qciik = max(qmin,qci(i,k,j)) delqci = (paut(i,k)+pacr(i,k)-pgen(i,k)-pisd(i,k))*dtcld if(delqci.ge.qciik) then facqci = qciik/delqci paut(i,k) = paut(i,k)*facqci pacr(i,k) = pacr(i,k)*facqci pgen(i,k) = pgen(i,k)*facqci pisd(i,k) = pisd(i,k)*facqci endif qik = max(qmin,q(i,k,j)) delq = (pres(i,k)+pgen(i,k)+pisd(i,k))*dtcld if(delq.ge.qik) then facq = qik/delq pres(i,k) = pres(i,k)*facq pgen(i,k) = pgen(i,k)*facq pisd(i,k) = pisd(i,k)*facq endif work2(i,k) = -pres(i,k)-pgen(i,k)-pisd(i,k) q(i,k,j) = q(i,k,j)+work2(i,k)*dtcld qci(i,k,j) = max(qci(i,k,j)-(paut(i,k)+pacr(i,k)-pgen(i,k) & -pisd(i,k))*dtcld,0.) qrs(i,k,j) = max(qrs(i,k,j)+(paut(i,k)+pacr(i,k) & +pres(i,k))*dtcld,0.) if(t(i,k,j).lt.t0c) then t(i,k,j) = t(i,k,j)-xls*work2(i,k)/cpm(i,k)*dtcld else t(i,k,j) = t(i,k,j)-xl(i,k)*work2(i,k)/cpm(i,k)*dtcld endif enddo ! do k = kts, kte #ifndef INL qs(i,k) = fpvs(t(i,k,j),0,rd,rv,cpv,cliq,cice,xlv0,xls,psat,t0c) #else tr=ttp/t(i,k,j) qs(i,k)=psat*(tr**xa)*exp(xb*(1.-tr)) #endif qs(i,k) = ep2 * qs(i,k) / (p(i,k,j) - qs(i,k)) qs(i,k) = max(qs(i,k),qmin) denfac(i,k) = sqrt(den0/den(i,k,j)) enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! pcon: condensational/evaporational rate of cloud water [RH83 A6] ! if there exists additional water vapor condensated/if ! evaporation of cloud water is not enough to remove subsaturation ! do k = kts, kte work1(i,k) = conden(t(i,k,j),q(i,k,j),qs(i,k),xl(i,k),cpm(i,k)) work2(i,k) = qci(i,k,j)+work1(i,k) pcon(i,k) = min(max(work1(i,k),0.),max(q(i,k,j),0.))/dtcld if(qci(i,k,j).gt.0..and.work1(i,k).lt.0.and.t(i,k,j).gt.t0c) & pcon(i,k) = max(work1(i,k),-qci(i,k,j))/dtcld q(i,k,j) = q(i,k,j)-pcon(i,k)*dtcld qci(i,k,j) = max(qci(i,k,j)+pcon(i,k)*dtcld,0.) t(i,k,j) = t(i,k,j)+pcon(i,k)*xl(i,k)/cpm(i,k)*dtcld enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! padding for small values ! do k = kts, kte if(qci(i,k,j).le.qmin) qci(i,k,j) = 0.0 enddo ! enddo ! big loops DO K=kts,kte th(i,k,j)=t(i,k,j)/pii(i,k,j) ENDDO enddo enddo !$acc end region END SUBROUTINE wsm32D !} #else !=================================================================== ! SUBROUTINE wsm32D(t, q, qci, qrs,w, den, p, delz & ,delt,g, cpd, cpv, rd, rv, t0c & ,ep1, ep2, qmin & ,XLS, XLV0, XLF0, den0, denr & ,cliq,cice,psat & ,lat & ,rain, rainncv & ,snow,snowncv & ,sr & ,ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde & ,ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme & ,its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte & ) !------------------------------------------------------------------- IMPLICIT NONE !------------------------------------------------------------------- INTEGER, INTENT(IN ) :: ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde, & ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme, & its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte, & lat REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ), & INTENT(INOUT) :: & t REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme ), & INTENT(INOUT) :: & q, & qci, & qrs REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime , kms:kme ), & INTENT(IN ) :: w, & den, & p, & delz REAL, INTENT(IN ) :: delt, & g, & cpd, & cpv, & t0c, & den0, & rd, & rv, & ep1, & ep2, & qmin, & XLS, & XLV0, & XLF0, & cliq, & cice, & psat, & denr REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime ), & INTENT(INOUT) :: rain, & rainncv REAL, DIMENSION( ims:ime ), OPTIONAL, & INTENT(INOUT) :: snow, & snowncv, & sr ! LOCAL VAR REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) :: & rh, & qs, & denfac, & rslope, & rslope2, & rslope3, & rslopeb REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) :: & pgen, & pisd, & paut, & pacr, & pres, & pcon REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) :: & fall, & falk, & xl, & cpm, & work1, & work2, & xni, & qs0, & n0sfac REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite , kts:kte ) :: & falkc, & work1c, & work2c, & fallc INTEGER, DIMENSION( its:ite ) :: kwork1,& kwork2 INTEGER, DIMENSION( its:ite ) :: mstep, & numdt LOGICAL, DIMENSION( its:ite ) :: flgcld REAL :: pi, & cpmcal, xlcal, lamdar, lamdas, diffus, & viscos, xka, venfac, conden, diffac, & x, y, z, a, b, c, d, e, & fallsum, fallsum_qsi, vt2i,vt2s,acrfac, & qdt, pvt, qik, delq, facq, qrsci, frzmlt, & snomlt, hold, holdrs, facqci, supcol, coeres, & supsat, dtcld, xmi, qciik, delqci, eacrs, satdt, & qimax, diameter, xni0, roqi0, supice,holdc, holdci INTEGER :: i, j, k, mstepmax, & iprt, latd, lond, loop, loops, ifsat, kk, n ! Temporaries used for inlining fpvs function REAL :: dldti, xb, xai, tr, xbi, xa, hvap, cvap, hsub, dldt, ttp ! variables for optimization REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite ) :: tvec1 ! !================================================================= ! compute internal functions ! cpmcal(x) = cpd*(1.-max(x,qmin))+max(x,qmin)*cpv xlcal(x) = xlv0-xlv1*(x-t0c) !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! size distributions: (x=mixing ratio, y=air density): ! valid for mixing ratio > 1.e-9 kg/kg. ! ! Optimizatin : A**B => exp(log(A)*(B)) lamdar(x,y)= sqrt(sqrt(pidn0r/(x*y))) ! (pidn0r/(x*y))**.25 lamdas(x,y,z)= sqrt(sqrt(pidn0s*z/(x*y))) ! (pidn0s*z/(x*y))**.25 ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! diffus: diffusion coefficient of the water vapor ! viscos: kinematic viscosity(m2s-1) ! diffus(x,y) = 8.794e-5 * exp(log(x)*(1.81)) / y ! 8.794e-5*x**1.81/y viscos(x,y) = 1.496e-6 * (x*sqrt(x)) /(x+120.)/y ! 1.496e-6*x**1.5/(x+120.)/y xka(x,y) = 1.414e3*viscos(x,y)*y diffac(a,b,c,d,e) = d*a*a/(xka(c,d)*rv*c*c)+1./(e*diffus(c,b)) ! venfac(a,b,c) = (viscos(b,c)/diffus(b,a))**(.3333333) & ! /viscos(b,c)**(.5)*(den0/c)**0.25 venfac(a,b,c) = exp(log((viscos(b,c)/diffus(b,a)))*((.3333333))) & /sqrt(viscos(b,c))*sqrt(sqrt(den0/c)) conden(a,b,c,d,e) = (max(b,qmin)-c)/(1.+d*d/(rv*e)*c/(a*a)) ! pi = 4. * atan(1.) ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! paddint 0 for negative values generated by dynamics ! do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite qci(i,k) = max(qci(i,k),0.0) qrs(i,k) = max(qrs(i,k),0.0) enddo enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! latent heat for phase changes and heat capacity. neglect the ! changes during microphysical process calculation ! emanuel(1994) ! do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite cpm(i,k) = cpmcal(q(i,k)) xl(i,k) = xlcal(t(i,k)) enddo enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! compute the minor time steps. ! loops = max(nint(delt/dtcldcr),1) dtcld = delt/loops if(delt.le.dtcldcr) dtcld = delt ! do loop = 1,loops ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! initialize the large scale variables ! do i = its, ite mstep(i) = 1 flgcld(i) = .true. enddo ! ! do k = kts, kte ! do i = its, ite ! denfac(i,k) = sqrt(den0/den(i,k)) ! enddo ! enddo do k = kts, kte CALL VREC( tvec1(its), den(its,k), ite-its+1) do i = its, ite tvec1(i) = tvec1(i)*den0 enddo CALL VSQRT( denfac(its,k), tvec1(its), ite-its+1) enddo ! ! Inline expansion for fpvs ! qs(i,k) = fpvs(t(i,k),1,rd,rv,cpv,cliq,cice,xlv0,xls,psat,t0c) ! qs0(i,k) = fpvs(t(i,k),0,rd,rv,cpv,cliq,cice,xlv0,xls,psat,t0c) cvap = cpv hvap=xlv0 hsub=xls ttp=t0c+0.01 dldt=cvap-cliq xa=-dldt/rv xb=xa+hvap/(rv*ttp) dldti=cvap-cice xai=-dldti/rv xbi=xai+hsub/(rv*ttp) do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite ! tr=ttp/t(i,k) ! if(t(i,k).lt.ttp) then ! qs(i,k) =psat*(tr**xai)*exp(xbi*(1.-tr)) ! else ! qs(i,k) =psat*(tr**xa)*exp(xb*(1.-tr)) ! endif ! qs0(i,k) =psat*(tr**xa)*exp(xb*(1.-tr)) tr=ttp/t(i,k) if(t(i,k).lt.ttp) then qs(i,k) =psat*(exp(log(tr)*(xai)))*exp(xbi*(1.-tr)) else qs(i,k) =psat*(exp(log(tr)*(xa)))*exp(xb*(1.-tr)) endif qs0(i,k) =psat*(exp(log(tr)*(xa)))*exp(xb*(1.-tr)) qs0(i,k) = (qs0(i,k)-qs(i,k))/qs(i,k) qs(i,k) = ep2 * qs(i,k) / (p(i,k) - qs(i,k)) qs(i,k) = max(qs(i,k),qmin) rh(i,k) = max(q(i,k) / qs(i,k),qmin) enddo enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! initialize the variables for microphysical physics ! ! do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite pres(i,k) = 0. paut(i,k) = 0. pacr(i,k) = 0. pgen(i,k) = 0. pisd(i,k) = 0. pcon(i,k) = 0. fall(i,k) = 0. falk(i,k) = 0. fallc(i,k) = 0. falkc(i,k) = 0. xni(i,k) = 1.e3 enddo enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! compute the fallout term: ! first, vertical terminal velosity for minor loops !--------------------------------------------------------------- ! n0s: Intercept parameter for snow [m-4] [HDC 6] !--------------------------------------------------------------- do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite supcol = t0c-t(i,k) n0sfac(i,k) = max(min(exp(alpha*supcol),n0smax/n0s),1.) if(t(i,k).ge.t0c) then if(qrs(i,k).le.qcrmin)then rslope(i,k) = rslopermax rslopeb(i,k) = rsloperbmax rslope2(i,k) = rsloper2max rslope3(i,k) = rsloper3max else rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdar(qrs(i,k),den(i,k)) ! rslopeb(i,k) = rslope(i,k)**bvtr rslopeb(i,k) = exp(log(rslope(i,k))*(bvtr)) rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k) rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k) endif else if(qrs(i,k).le.qcrmin)then rslope(i,k) = rslopesmax rslopeb(i,k) = rslopesbmax rslope2(i,k) = rslopes2max rslope3(i,k) = rslopes3max else rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdas(qrs(i,k),den(i,k),n0sfac(i,k)) ! rslopeb(i,k) = rslope(i,k)**bvts rslopeb(i,k) = exp(log(rslope(i,k))*(bvts)) rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k) rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k) endif endif !------------------------------------------------------------- ! Ni: ice crystal number concentraiton [HDC 5c] !------------------------------------------------------------- ! xni(i,k) = min(max(5.38e7 & ! *(den(i,k)*max(qci(i,k),qmin))**0.75,1.e3),1.e6) xni(i,k) = min(max(5.38e7 & *exp(log((den(i,k)*max(qci(i,k),qmin)))*(0.75)),1.e3),1.e6) enddo enddo ! mstepmax = 1 numdt = 1 do k = kte, kts, -1 do i = its, ite if(t(i,k).lt.t0c) then pvt = pvts else pvt = pvtr endif work1(i,k) = pvt*rslopeb(i,k)*denfac(i,k) work2(i,k) = work1(i,k)/delz(i,k) numdt(i) = max(nint(work2(i,k)*dtcld+.5),1) if(numdt(i).ge.mstep(i)) mstep(i) = numdt(i) enddo enddo do i = its, ite if(mstepmax.le.mstep(i)) mstepmax = mstep(i) enddo ! do n = 1, mstepmax k = kte do i = its, ite if(n.le.mstep(i)) then falk(i,k) = den(i,k)*qrs(i,k)*work2(i,k)/mstep(i) hold = falk(i,k) fall(i,k) = fall(i,k)+falk(i,k) holdrs = qrs(i,k) qrs(i,k) = max(qrs(i,k)-falk(i,k)*dtcld/den(i,k),0.) endif enddo do k = kte-1, kts, -1 do i = its, ite if(n.le.mstep(i)) then falk(i,k) = den(i,k)*qrs(i,k)*work2(i,k)/mstep(i) hold = falk(i,k) fall(i,k) = fall(i,k)+falk(i,k) holdrs = qrs(i,k) qrs(i,k) = max(qrs(i,k)-(falk(i,k) & -falk(i,k+1)*delz(i,k+1)/delz(i,k))*dtcld/den(i,k),0.) endif enddo enddo enddo !--------------------------------------------------------------- ! Vice [ms-1] : fallout of ice crystal [HDC 5a] !--------------------------------------------------------------- mstepmax = 1 mstep = 1 numdt = 1 do k = kte, kts, -1 do i = its, ite if(t(i,k).lt.t0c.and.qci(i,k).gt.0.) then xmi = den(i,k)*qci(i,k)/xni(i,k) ! diameter = dicon * sqrt(xmi) ! work1c(i,k) = 1.49e4*diameter**1.31 diameter = max(dicon * sqrt(xmi), 1.e-25) work1c(i,k) = 1.49e4*exp(log(diameter)*(1.31)) else work1c(i,k) = 0. endif if(qci(i,k).le.0.) then work2c(i,k) = 0. else work2c(i,k) = work1c(i,k)/delz(i,k) endif numdt(i) = max(nint(work2c(i,k)*dtcld+.5),1) if(numdt(i).ge.mstep(i)) mstep(i) = numdt(i) enddo enddo do i = its, ite if(mstepmax.le.mstep(i)) mstepmax = mstep(i) enddo ! do n = 1, mstepmax k = kte do i = its, ite if (n.le.mstep(i)) then falkc(i,k) = den(i,k)*qci(i,k)*work2c(i,k)/mstep(i) holdc = falkc(i,k) fallc(i,k) = fallc(i,k)+falkc(i,k) holdci = qci(i,k) qci(i,k) = max(qci(i,k)-falkc(i,k)*dtcld/den(i,k),0.) endif enddo do k = kte-1, kts, -1 do i = its, ite if (n.le.mstep(i)) then falkc(i,k) = den(i,k)*qci(i,k)*work2c(i,k)/mstep(i) holdc = falkc(i,k) fallc(i,k) = fallc(i,k)+falkc(i,k) holdci = qci(i,k) qci(i,k) = max(qci(i,k)-(falkc(i,k) & -falkc(i,k+1)*delz(i,k+1)/delz(i,k))*dtcld/den(i,k),0.) endif enddo enddo enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! compute the freezing/melting term. [D89 B16-B17] ! freezing occurs one layer above the melting level ! do i = its, ite mstep(i) = 0 enddo do k = kts, kte ! do i = its, ite if(t(i,k).ge.t0c) then mstep(i) = k endif enddo enddo ! do i = its, ite kwork2(i) = mstep(i) kwork1(i) = mstep(i) if(mstep(i).ne.0) then if (w(i,mstep(i)).gt.0.) then kwork1(i) = mstep(i) + 1 endif endif enddo ! do i = its, ite k = kwork1(i) kk = kwork2(i) if(k*kk.ge.1) then qrsci = qrs(i,k) + qci(i,k) if(qrsci.gt.0..or.fall(i,kk).gt.0.) then frzmlt = min(max(-w(i,k)*qrsci/delz(i,k),-qrsci/dtcld), & qrsci/dtcld) snomlt = min(max(fall(i,kk)/den(i,kk),-qrs(i,k)/dtcld), & qrs(i,k)/dtcld) if(k.eq.kk) then t(i,k) = t(i,k) - xlf0/cpm(i,k)*(frzmlt+snomlt)*dtcld else t(i,k) = t(i,k) - xlf0/cpm(i,k)*frzmlt*dtcld t(i,kk) = t(i,kk) - xlf0/cpm(i,kk)*snomlt*dtcld endif endif endif enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! rain (unit is mm/sec;kgm-2s-1: /1000*delt ===> m)==> mm for wrf ! do i = its, ite fallsum = fall(i,1) fallsum_qsi = 0. if((t0c-t(i,1)).gt.0) then fallsum = fallsum+fallc(i,1) fallsum_qsi = fall(i,1)+fallc(i,1) endif rainncv(i) = 0. if(fallsum.gt.0.) then rainncv(i) = fallsum*delz(i,1)/denr*dtcld*1000. rain(i) = fallsum*delz(i,1)/denr*dtcld*1000. + rain(i) endif IF ( PRESENT (snowncv) .AND. PRESENT (snow)) THEN snowncv(i) = 0. if(fallsum_qsi.gt.0.) then snowncv(i) = fallsum_qsi*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000. snow(i) = fallsum_qsi*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000. + snow(i) endif ENDIF sr(i) = 0. if(fallsum.gt.0.) sr(i) = fallsum_qsi*delz(i,kts)/denr*dtcld*1000. & /(rainncv(i)+1.e-12) enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! rsloper: reverse of the slope parameter of the rain(m) ! xka: thermal conductivity of air(jm-1s-1k-1) ! work1: the thermodynamic term in the denominator associated with ! heat conduction and vapor diffusion ! (ry88, y93, h85) ! work2: parameter associated with the ventilation effects(y93) ! do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite if(t(i,k).ge.t0c) then if(qrs(i,k).le.qcrmin)then rslope(i,k) = rslopermax rslopeb(i,k) = rsloperbmax rslope2(i,k) = rsloper2max rslope3(i,k) = rsloper3max else rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdar(qrs(i,k),den(i,k)) rslopeb(i,k) = exp(log(rslope(i,k))*(bvtr)) rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k) rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k) endif else if(qrs(i,k).le.qcrmin)then rslope(i,k) = rslopesmax rslopeb(i,k) = rslopesbmax rslope2(i,k) = rslopes2max rslope3(i,k) = rslopes3max else rslope(i,k) = 1./lamdas(qrs(i,k),den(i,k),n0sfac(i,k)) rslopeb(i,k) = exp(log(rslope(i,k))*(bvts)) rslope2(i,k) = rslope(i,k)*rslope(i,k) rslope3(i,k) = rslope2(i,k)*rslope(i,k) endif endif enddo enddo ! do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite if(t(i,k).ge.t0c) then work1(i,k) = diffac(xl(i,k),p(i,k),t(i,k),den(i,k),qs(i,k)) else work1(i,k) = diffac(xls,p(i,k),t(i,k),den(i,k),qs(i,k)) endif work2(i,k) = venfac(p(i,k),t(i,k),den(i,k)) enddo enddo ! do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite supsat = max(q(i,k),qmin)-qs(i,k) satdt = supsat/dtcld if(t(i,k).ge.t0c) then ! !=============================================================== ! ! warm rain processes ! ! - follows the processes in RH83 and LFO except for autoconcersion ! !=============================================================== !--------------------------------------------------------------- ! praut: auto conversion rate from cloud to rain [HDC 16] ! (C->R) !--------------------------------------------------------------- if(qci(i,k).gt.qc0) then ! paut(i,k) = qck1*qci(i,k)**(7./3.) paut(i,k) = qck1*exp(log(qci(i,k))*((7./3.))) paut(i,k) = min(paut(i,k),qci(i,k)/dtcld) endif !--------------------------------------------------------------- ! pracw: accretion of cloud water by rain [HL A40] [D89 B15] ! (C->R) !--------------------------------------------------------------- if(qrs(i,k).gt.qcrmin.and.qci(i,k).gt.qmin) then pacr(i,k) = min(pacrr*rslope3(i,k)*rslopeb(i,k) & *qci(i,k)*denfac(i,k),qci(i,k)/dtcld) endif !--------------------------------------------------------------- ! prevp: evaporation/condensation rate of rain [HDC 14] ! (V->R or R->V) !--------------------------------------------------------------- if(qrs(i,k).gt.0.) then coeres = rslope2(i,k)*sqrt(rslope(i,k)*rslopeb(i,k)) pres(i,k) = (rh(i,k)-1.)*(precr1*rslope2(i,k) & +precr2*work2(i,k)*coeres)/work1(i,k) if(pres(i,k).lt.0.) then pres(i,k) = max(pres(i,k),-qrs(i,k)/dtcld) pres(i,k) = max(pres(i,k),satdt/2) else pres(i,k) = min(pres(i,k),satdt/2) endif endif else ! !=============================================================== ! ! cold rain processes ! ! - follows the revised ice microphysics processes in HDC ! - the processes same as in RH83 and LFO behave ! following ice crystal hapits defined in HDC, inclduing ! intercept parameter for snow (n0s), ice crystal number ! concentration (ni), ice nuclei number concentration ! (n0i), ice diameter (d) ! !=============================================================== ! supcol = t0c-t(i,k) ifsat = 0 !------------------------------------------------------------- ! Ni: ice crystal number concentraiton [HDC 5c] !------------------------------------------------------------- ! xni(i,k) = min(max(5.38e7 & ! *(den(i,k)*max(qci(i,k),qmin))**0.75,1.e3),1.e6) xni(i,k) = min(max(5.38e7 & *exp(log((den(i,k)*max(qci(i,k),qmin)))*(0.75)),1.e3),1.e6) eacrs = exp(0.07*(-supcol)) ! if(qrs(i,k).gt.qcrmin.and.qci(i,k).gt.qmin) then xmi = den(i,k)*qci(i,k)/xni(i,k) diameter = min(dicon * sqrt(xmi),dimax) vt2i = 1.49e4*diameter**1.31 ! vt2i = 1.49e4*exp((log(diameter))*(1.31)) vt2s = pvts*rslopeb(i,k)*denfac(i,k) !------------------------------------------------------------- ! praci: Accretion of cloud ice by rain [HL A15] [LFO 25] ! (TR) !------------------------------------------------------------- acrfac = 2.*rslope3(i,k)+2.*diameter*rslope2(i,k) & +diameter**2*rslope(i,k) pacr(i,k) = min(pi*qci(i,k)*eacrs*n0s*n0sfac(i,k) & *abs(vt2s-vt2i)*acrfac/4.,qci(i,k)/dtcld) endif !------------------------------------------------------------- ! pidep: Deposition/Sublimation rate of ice [HDC 9] ! (TI or I->V) !------------------------------------------------------------- if(qci(i,k).gt.0.) then xmi = den(i,k)*qci(i,k)/xni(i,k) diameter = dicon * sqrt(xmi) pisd(i,k) = 4.*diameter*xni(i,k)*(rh(i,k)-1.)/work1(i,k) if(pisd(i,k).lt.0.) then pisd(i,k) = max(pisd(i,k),satdt/2) pisd(i,k) = max(pisd(i,k),-qci(i,k)/dtcld) else pisd(i,k) = min(pisd(i,k),satdt/2) endif if(abs(pisd(i,k)).ge.abs(satdt)) ifsat = 1 endif !------------------------------------------------------------- ! psdep: deposition/sublimation rate of snow [HDC 14] ! (V->S or S->V) !------------------------------------------------------------- if(qrs(i,k).gt.0..and.ifsat.ne.1) then coeres = rslope2(i,k)*sqrt(rslope(i,k)*rslopeb(i,k)) pres(i,k) = (rh(i,k)-1.)*n0sfac(i,k)*(precs1*rslope2(i,k) & +precs2*work2(i,k)*coeres)/work1(i,k) supice = satdt-pisd(i,k) if(pres(i,k).lt.0.) then pres(i,k) = max(pres(i,k),-qrs(i,k)/dtcld) pres(i,k) = max(max(pres(i,k),satdt/2),supice) else pres(i,k) = min(min(pres(i,k),satdt/2),supice) endif if(abs(pisd(i,k)+pres(i,k)).ge.abs(satdt)) ifsat = 1 endif !------------------------------------------------------------- ! pigen: generation(nucleation) of ice from vapor [HDC 7-8] ! (TI) !------------------------------------------------------------- if(supsat.gt.0.and.ifsat.ne.1) then supice = satdt-pisd(i,k)-pres(i,k) xni0 = 1.e3*exp(0.1*supcol) ! roqi0 = 4.92e-11*xni0**1.33 roqi0 = 4.92e-11*exp(log(xni0)*(1.33)) pgen(i,k) = max(0.,(roqi0/den(i,k)-max(qci(i,k),0.))/dtcld) pgen(i,k) = min(min(pgen(i,k),satdt),supice) endif !------------------------------------------------------------- ! psaut: conversion(aggregation) of ice to snow [HDC 12] ! (TS) !------------------------------------------------------------- if(qci(i,k).gt.0.) then qimax = roqimax/den(i,k) paut(i,k) = max(0.,(qci(i,k)-qimax)/dtcld) endif endif enddo enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! check mass conservation of generation terms and feedback to the ! large scale ! do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite qciik = max(qmin,qci(i,k)) delqci = (paut(i,k)+pacr(i,k)-pgen(i,k)-pisd(i,k))*dtcld if(delqci.ge.qciik) then facqci = qciik/delqci paut(i,k) = paut(i,k)*facqci pacr(i,k) = pacr(i,k)*facqci pgen(i,k) = pgen(i,k)*facqci pisd(i,k) = pisd(i,k)*facqci endif qik = max(qmin,q(i,k)) delq = (pres(i,k)+pgen(i,k)+pisd(i,k))*dtcld if(delq.ge.qik) then facq = qik/delq pres(i,k) = pres(i,k)*facq pgen(i,k) = pgen(i,k)*facq pisd(i,k) = pisd(i,k)*facq endif work2(i,k) = -pres(i,k)-pgen(i,k)-pisd(i,k) q(i,k) = q(i,k)+work2(i,k)*dtcld qci(i,k) = max(qci(i,k)-(paut(i,k)+pacr(i,k)-pgen(i,k)-pisd(i,k)) & *dtcld,0.) qrs(i,k) = max(qrs(i,k)+(paut(i,k)+pacr(i,k)+pres(i,k))*dtcld,0.) if(t(i,k).lt.t0c) then t(i,k) = t(i,k)-xls*work2(i,k)/cpm(i,k)*dtcld else t(i,k) = t(i,k)-xl(i,k)*work2(i,k)/cpm(i,k)*dtcld endif enddo enddo ! cvap = cpv hvap = xlv0 hsub = xls ttp=t0c+0.01 dldt=cvap-cliq xa=-dldt/rv xb=xa+hvap/(rv*ttp) dldti=cvap-cice xai=-dldti/rv xbi=xai+hsub/(rv*ttp) do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite tr=ttp/t(i,k) ! qs(i,k)=psat*(tr**xa)*exp(xb*(1.-tr)) qs(i,k)=psat*(exp(log(tr)*(xa)))*exp(xb*(1.-tr)) qs(i,k) = ep2 * qs(i,k) / (p(i,k) - qs(i,k)) qs(i,k) = max(qs(i,k),qmin) denfac(i,k) = sqrt(den0/den(i,k)) enddo enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! pcond: condensational/evaporational rate of cloud water [HL A46] [RH83 A6] ! if there exists additional water vapor condensated/if ! evaporation of cloud water is not enough to remove subsaturation ! do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite work1(i,k) = conden(t(i,k),q(i,k),qs(i,k),xl(i,k),cpm(i,k)) work2(i,k) = qci(i,k)+work1(i,k) pcon(i,k) = min(max(work1(i,k),0.),max(q(i,k),0.))/dtcld if(qci(i,k).gt.0..and.work1(i,k).lt.0.and.t(i,k).gt.t0c) & pcon(i,k) = max(work1(i,k),-qci(i,k))/dtcld q(i,k) = q(i,k)-pcon(i,k)*dtcld qci(i,k) = max(qci(i,k)+pcon(i,k)*dtcld,0.) t(i,k) = t(i,k)+pcon(i,k)*xl(i,k)/cpm(i,k)*dtcld enddo enddo ! !---------------------------------------------------------------- ! padding for small values ! do k = kts, kte do i = its, ite if(qci(i,k).le.qmin) qci(i,k) = 0.0 enddo enddo ! enddo ! big loops END SUBROUTINE wsm32D #endif ! ................................................................... REAL FUNCTION rgmma(x) !------------------------------------------------------------------- IMPLICIT NONE !------------------------------------------------------------------- ! rgmma function: use infinite product form REAL :: euler PARAMETER (euler=0.577215664901532) REAL :: x, y INTEGER :: i if(x.eq.1.)then rgmma=0. else rgmma=x*exp(euler*x) do i=1,10000 y=float(i) rgmma=rgmma*(1.000+x/y)*exp(-x/y) enddo rgmma=1./rgmma endif END FUNCTION rgmma ! !-------------------------------------------------------------------------- REAL FUNCTION fpvs(t,ice,rd,rv,cvap,cliq,cice,hvap,hsub,psat,t0c) !-------------------------------------------------------------------------- IMPLICIT NONE !-------------------------------------------------------------------------- REAL t,rd,rv,cvap,cliq,cice,hvap,hsub,psat,t0c,dldt,xa,xb,dldti, & xai,xbi,ttp,tr INTEGER ice ! - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ttp=t0c+0.01 dldt=cvap-cliq xa=-dldt/rv xb=xa+hvap/(rv*ttp) dldti=cvap-cice xai=-dldti/rv xbi=xai+hsub/(rv*ttp) tr=ttp/t if(t.lt.ttp.and.ice.eq.1) then fpvs=psat*(tr**xai)*exp(xbi*(1.-tr)) else fpvs=psat*(tr**xa)*exp(xb*(1.-tr)) endif ! - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - END FUNCTION fpvs !------------------------------------------------------------------- SUBROUTINE wsm3init(den0,denr,dens,cl,cpv,allowed_to_read) !------------------------------------------------------------------- IMPLICIT NONE !------------------------------------------------------------------- !.... constants which may not be tunable REAL, INTENT(IN) :: den0,denr,dens,cl,cpv LOGICAL, INTENT(IN) :: allowed_to_read REAL :: pi ! pi = 4.*atan(1.) xlv1 = cl-cpv ! qc0 = 4./3.*pi*denr*r0**3*xncr/den0 ! 0.419e-3 -- .61e-3 qck1 = .104*9.8*peaut/(xncr*denr)**(1./3.)/xmyu*den0**(4./3.) ! 7.03 ! bvtr1 = 1.+bvtr bvtr2 = 2.5+.5*bvtr bvtr3 = 3.+bvtr bvtr4 = 4.+bvtr g1pbr = rgmma(bvtr1) g3pbr = rgmma(bvtr3) g4pbr = rgmma(bvtr4) ! 17.837825 g5pbro2 = rgmma(bvtr2) ! 1.8273 pvtr = avtr*g4pbr/6. eacrr = 1.0 pacrr = pi*n0r*avtr*g3pbr*.25*eacrr precr1 = 2.*pi*n0r*.78 precr2 = 2.*pi*n0r*.31*avtr**.5*g5pbro2 xmmax = (dimax/dicon)**2 roqimax = 2.08e22*dimax**8 ! bvts1 = 1.+bvts bvts2 = 2.5+.5*bvts bvts3 = 3.+bvts bvts4 = 4.+bvts g1pbs = rgmma(bvts1) !.8875 g3pbs = rgmma(bvts3) g4pbs = rgmma(bvts4) ! 12.0786 g5pbso2 = rgmma(bvts2) pvts = avts*g4pbs/6. pacrs = pi*n0s*avts*g3pbs*.25 precs1 = 4.*n0s*.65 precs2 = 4.*n0s*.44*avts**.5*g5pbso2 pidn0r = pi*denr*n0r pidn0s = pi*dens*n0s ! rslopermax = 1./lamdarmax rslopesmax = 1./lamdasmax rsloperbmax = rslopermax ** bvtr rslopesbmax = rslopesmax ** bvts rsloper2max = rslopermax * rslopermax rslopes2max = rslopesmax * rslopesmax rsloper3max = rsloper2max * rslopermax rslopes3max = rslopes2max * rslopesmax ! END SUBROUTINE wsm3init END MODULE module_mp_wsm3