! %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ! Copyright (c) 2009, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ! All rights reserved. ! Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are ! permitted provided that the following conditions are met: ! 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of ! conditions and the following disclaimer. ! 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list ! of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other ! materials provided with the distribution. ! 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be ! used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior ! written permission. ! THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY ! EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ! MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL ! THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, ! SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT ! OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS ! INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT ! LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE ! OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. ! History ! May 2007: ActSim code of M. Chiriaco and H. Chepfer rewritten by S. Bony ! May 2008, H. Chepfer: ! - Units of pressure inputs: Pa ! - Non Spherical particles : LS Ice NS coefficients, CONV Ice NS coefficients ! - New input: ice_type (0=ice-spheres ; 1=ice-non-spherical) ! June 2008, A. Bodas-Salcedo: ! - Ported to Fortran 90 and optimisation changes ! August 2008, J-L Dufresne: ! - Optimisation changes (sum instructions suppressed) ! October 2008, S. Bony, H. Chepfer and J-L. Dufresne : ! - Interface with COSP v2.0: ! cloud fraction removed from inputs ! in-cloud condensed water now in input (instead of grid-averaged value) ! depolarisation diagnostic removed ! parasol (polder) reflectances (for 5 different solar zenith angles) added ! December 2008, S. Bony, H. Chepfer and J-L. Dufresne : ! - Modification of the integration of the lidar equation. ! - change the cloud detection threshold ! April 2008, A. Bodas-Salcedo: ! - Bug fix in computation of pmol and pnorm of upper layer ! April 2008, J-L. Dufresne ! - Bug fix in computation of pmol and pnorm, thanks to Masaki Satoh: a factor 2 ! was missing. This affects the ATB values but not the cloud fraction. ! January 2013, G. Cesana and H. Chepfer: ! - Add the perpendicular component of the backscattered signal (pnorm_perp_tot) in the arguments ! - Add the temperature for each levels (temp) in the arguments ! - Add the computation of the perpendicular component of the backscattered lidar signal ! Reference: Cesana G. and H. Chepfer (2013): Evaluation of the cloud water phase ! in a climate model using CALIPSO-GOCCP, J. Geophys. Res., doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50376 ! May 2015 - D. Swales - Modified for COSPv2.0 ! Mar 2018 - R. Guzman - Added OPAQ subroutines ! References OPAQ: ! Guzman et al. (2017): Direct atmosphere opacity observations from CALIPSO provide ! new constraints on cloud-radiation interactions. JGR-Atmospheres, DOI: 10.1002/2016JD025946 ! Vaillant de Guelis et al. (2017a): The link between outgoing longwave radiation and ! the altitude at which a spaceborne lidar beam is fully attenuated. AMT, 10, 4659-4685, ! https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-4659-2017 ! %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% module mod_lidar_simulator USE COSP_KINDS, ONLY: wp USE MOD_COSP_CONFIG, ONLY: SR_BINS,S_CLD,S_ATT,S_CLD_ATT,R_UNDEF,calipso_histBsct, & use_vgrid,vgrid_zl,vgrid_zu,vgrid_z,atlid_histBsct, & grLidar532_histBsct,S_CLD_ATLID,S_ATT_ATLID,S_CLD_ATT_ATLID USE MOD_COSP_STATS, ONLY: COSP_CHANGE_VERTICAL_GRID,hist1d implicit none ! Polynomial coefficients (Alpha, Beta, Gamma) which allow to compute the ! ATBperpendicular as a function of the ATB for ice or liquid cloud particles ! derived from CALIPSO-GOCCP observations at 120m vertical grid ! (Cesana and Chepfer, JGR, 2013). ! Relationship between ATBice and ATBperp,ice for ice particles: ! ATBperp,ice = Alpha*ATBice ! Relationship between ATBice and ATBperp,ice for liquid particles: ! ATBperp,ice = Beta*ATBice^2 + Gamma*ATBice real(wp) :: & alpha,beta,gamma contains ! ###################################################################################### ! SUBROUTINE lidar_subcolumn ! Inputs with a vertical dimensions (nlev) should ordered in along the vertical ! dimension from TOA-2-SFC, for example: varIN(nlev) is varIN @ SFC. ! ###################################################################################### subroutine lidar_subcolumn(npoints, ncolumns, nlev, lground, beta_mol, tau_mol, & betatot, tautot, pmol, pnorm, betatot_ice, tautot_ice, betatot_liq, tautot_liq, & pnorm_perp_tot) ! INPUTS INTEGER,intent(in) :: & npoints, & ! Number of gridpoints ncolumns, & ! Number of subcolumns nlev ! Number of levels logical,intent(in) :: & lground ! True for ground-based lidar simulator REAL(WP),intent(in),dimension(npoints,nlev) :: & beta_mol, & ! Molecular backscatter coefficient tau_mol ! Molecular optical depth REAL(WP),intent(in),dimension(npoints,ncolumns,nlev) :: & betatot, & ! tautot ! Optical thickess integrated from top ! Optional Inputs REAL(WP),intent(in),dimension(npoints,ncolumns,nlev),optional :: & betatot_ice, & ! Backscatter coefficient for ice particles betatot_liq, & ! Backscatter coefficient for liquid particles tautot_ice, & ! Total optical thickness of ice tautot_liq ! Total optical thickness of liq ! OUTPUTS REAL(WP),intent(out),dimension(npoints,nlev) :: & pmol ! Molecular attenuated backscatter lidar signal power(m^-1.sr^-1) REAL(WP),intent(out),dimension(npoints,ncolumns,nlev) :: & pnorm ! Molecular backscatter signal power (m^-1.sr^-1) ! Optional outputs REAL(WP),intent(out),dimension(npoints,ncolumns,nlev),optional :: & pnorm_perp_tot ! Perpendicular lidar backscattered signal power ! LOCAL VARIABLES INTEGER :: k,icol,zi,zf,zinc logical :: lphaseoptics REAL(WP),dimension(npoints) :: & tautot_lay ! REAL(WP),dimension(npoints,ncolumns,nlev) :: & pnorm_liq, & ! Lidar backscattered signal power for liquid pnorm_ice, & ! Lidar backscattered signal power for ice pnorm_perp_ice, & ! Perpendicular lidar backscattered signal power for ice pnorm_perp_liq, & ! Perpendicular lidar backscattered signal power for liq beta_perp_ice, & ! Perpendicular backscatter coefficient for ice beta_perp_liq ! Perpendicular backscatter coefficient for liquid ! Phase optics? lphaseoptics=.false. if (present(betatot_ice) .and. present(betatot_liq) .and. present(tautot_liq) .and. & present(tautot_ice)) lphaseoptics=.true. ! Is this lidar spaceborne (default) or ground-based? if (lground) then zi = nlev zf = 1 zinc = -1 else zi = 1 zf = nlev zinc = 1 endif ! #################################################################################### ! *) Molecular signal ! #################################################################################### call cmp_backsignal(nlev,npoints,beta_mol(1:npoints,zi:zf:zinc),& tau_mol(1:npoints,zi:zf:zinc),pmol(1:npoints,zi:zf:zinc)) ! #################################################################################### ! PLANE PARRALLEL FIELDS ! #################################################################################### do icol=1,ncolumns ! ################################################################################# ! *) Total Backscatter signal ! ################################################################################# call cmp_backsignal(nlev,npoints,betatot(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc),& tautot(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc),pnorm(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc)) ! ################################################################################# ! *) Ice/Liq Backscatter signal ! ################################################################################# if (lphaseoptics) then ! Computation of the ice and liquid lidar backscattered signal (ATBice and ATBliq) ! Ice only call cmp_backsignal(nlev,npoints,betatot_ice(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc),& tautot_ice(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc), pnorm_ice(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc)) ! Liquid only call cmp_backsignal(nlev,npoints,betatot_liq(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc),& tautot_liq(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc), pnorm_liq(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc)) endif enddo ! #################################################################################### ! PERDENDICULAR FIELDS (Only needed if distinguishing by phase (ice/liquid)) ! #################################################################################### if (lphaseoptics) then do icol=1,ncolumns ! ################################################################################# ! *) Ice/Liq Perpendicular Backscatter signal ! ################################################################################# ! Computation of ATBperp,ice/liq from ATBice/liq including the multiple scattering ! contribution (Cesana and Chepfer 2013, JGR) do k=1,nlev ! Ice particles pnorm_perp_ice(1:npoints,icol,k) = Alpha * pnorm_ice(1:npoints,icol,k) ! Liquid particles pnorm_perp_liq(1:npoints,icol,k) = 1000._wp*Beta*pnorm_liq(1:npoints,icol,k)**2+& Gamma*pnorm_liq(1:npoints,icol,k) enddo ! ################################################################################# ! *) Computation of beta_perp_ice/liq using the lidar equation ! ################################################################################# ! Ice only call cmp_beta(nlev,npoints,pnorm_perp_ice(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc),& tautot_ice(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc),beta_perp_ice(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc)) ! Liquid only call cmp_beta(nlev,npoints,pnorm_perp_liq(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc),& tautot_liq(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc),beta_perp_liq(1:npoints,icol,zi:zf:zinc)) ! ################################################################################# ! *) Perpendicular Backscatter signal ! ################################################################################# ! Computation of the total perpendicular lidar signal (ATBperp for liq+ice) ! Upper layer WHERE(tautot(1:npoints,icol,1) .gt. 0) pnorm_perp_tot(1:npoints,icol,1) = (beta_perp_ice(1:npoints,icol,1)+ & beta_perp_liq(1:npoints,icol,1)- & (beta_mol(1:npoints,1)/(1._wp+1._wp/0.0284_wp))) / & (2._wp*tautot(1:npoints,icol,1))* & (1._wp-exp(-2._wp*tautot(1:npoints,icol,1))) ELSEWHERE pnorm_perp_tot(1:npoints,icol,1) = 0._wp ENDWHERE ! Other layers do k=2,nlev ! Optical thickness of layer k tautot_lay(1:npoints) = tautot(1:npoints,icol,k)-tautot(1:npoints,icol,k-1) ! The perpendicular component of the molecular backscattered signal (Betaperp) ! has been taken into account two times (once for liquid and once for ice). ! We remove one contribution using ! Betaperp=beta_mol(:,k)/(1+1/0.0284)) [bodhaine et al. 1999] in the following ! equations: WHERE (pnorm(1:npoints,icol,k) .eq. 0) pnorm_perp_tot(1:npoints,icol,k)=0._wp ELSEWHERE where(tautot_lay(1:npoints) .gt. 0.) pnorm_perp_tot(1:npoints,icol,k) = (beta_perp_ice(1:npoints,icol,k)+ & beta_perp_liq(1:npoints,icol,k)-(beta_mol(1:npoints,k)/(1._wp+1._wp/ & 0.0284_wp)))*EXP(-2._wp*tautot(1:npoints,icol,k-1))/ & (2._wp*tautot_lay(1:npoints))* (1._wp-EXP(-2._wp*tautot_lay(1:npoints))) elsewhere pnorm_perp_tot(1:npoints,icol,k) = (beta_perp_ice(1:npoints,icol,k)+ & beta_perp_liq(1:npoints,icol,k)-(beta_mol(1:npoints,k)/(1._wp+1._wp/ & 0.0284_wp)))*EXP(-2._wp*tautot(1:npoints,icol,k-1)) endwhere ENDWHERE END DO enddo end if end subroutine lidar_subcolumn ! ###################################################################################### ! SUBROUTINE lidar_column ! ###################################################################################### subroutine lidar_column(npoints, ncol, nlevels, llm, max_bin, ntype, platform, pnorm, pmol, & pplay, zlev, zlev_half, vgrid_z, ok_lidar_cfad, ncat, cfad2, lidarcld, cldlayer, & ! Optional stuff below tmp, pnorm_perp, surfelev, lidarcldphase, lidarcldtype, cldtype, cldtypetemp, & cldtypemeanz, cldtypemeanzse, cldthinemis, cldlayerphase, lidarcldtmp) integer,parameter :: & nphase = 6 ! Number of cloud layer phase types ! Inputs integer,intent(in) :: & npoints, & ! Number of horizontal grid points ncol, & ! Number of subcolumns nlevels, & ! Number of vertical layers (OLD grid) llm, & ! Number of vertical layers (NEW grid) max_bin, & ! Number of bins for SR CFADs ncat, & ! Number of cloud layer types (low,mid,high,total) ntype ! Number of OPAQ products (opaque/thin cloud + z_opaque) character(len=*),intent(in) :: & platform ! Name of platform (e.g. calipso,atlid,grLidar532) real(wp),intent(in),dimension(npoints,ncol,Nlevels) :: & pnorm ! Lidar ATB real(wp),intent(in),dimension(npoints,Nlevels) :: & pmol, & ! Molecular ATB pplay ! Pressure on model levels (Pa) logical,intent(in) :: & ok_lidar_cfad ! True if lidar CFAD diagnostics need to be computed real(wp),intent(in),dimension(npoints,nlevels) :: & zlev ! Model full levels real(wp),intent(in),dimension(npoints,nlevels+1) :: & zlev_half ! Model half levels real(wp),intent(in),dimension(llm) :: & vgrid_z ! mid-level altitude of the output vertical grid ! Optional Inputs real(wp),intent(in),dimension(npoints,ncol,Nlevels),optional :: & pnorm_perp ! Lidar perpendicular ATB real(wp),intent(in),dimension(npoints),optional :: & surfelev ! Surface Elevation (m) real(wp),intent(in),dimension(npoints,Nlevels),optional :: & tmp ! Temperature at each levels ! Outputs real(wp),intent(inout),dimension(npoints,llm) :: & lidarcld ! 3D "lidar" cloud fraction real(wp),intent(inout),dimension(npoints,ncat) :: & cldlayer ! "lidar" cloud layer fraction (low, mid, high, total) real(wp),intent(inout),dimension(npoints,max_bin,llm) :: & cfad2 ! CFADs of SR ! Optional Outputs real(wp),intent(out),dimension(npoints,ntype),optional :: & cldtype, & ! "lidar" OPAQ type covers (opaque/thin cloud + z_opaque) cldtypetemp ! Opaque and thin clouds + z_opaque temperature real(wp),intent(out),dimension(npoints,2),optional :: & cldtypemeanz ! Opaque and thin clouds altitude real(wp),intent(out),dimension(npoints,3),optional :: & cldtypemeanzse ! Opaque, thin clouds and z_opaque altitude with respect to SE real(wp),intent(out),dimension(npoints),optional :: & cldthinemis ! Thin clouds emissivity computed from SR real(wp),intent(out),dimension(npoints,llm,nphase),optional :: & lidarcldphase ! 3D "lidar" phase cloud fraction real(wp),intent(out),dimension(npoints,llm,ntype+1),optional :: & lidarcldtype ! 3D "lidar" OPAQ type fraction real(wp),intent(out),dimension(npoints,40,5),optional :: & lidarcldtmp ! 3D "lidar" phase cloud fraction as a function of temp real(wp),intent(out),dimension(npoints,ncat,nphase),optional :: & cldlayerphase ! "lidar" phase low mid high cloud fraction ! Local Variables integer :: ic,i,j logical :: lcalipso,latlid,lgrlidar532 real(wp),dimension(npoints,ncol,llm) :: & x3d real(wp),dimension(npoints,llm) :: & x3d_c,pnorm_c real(wp) :: & xmax real(wp),dimension(npoints,1,Nlevels) :: t_in,ph_in,betamol_in real(wp),dimension(npoints,ncol,llm) :: pnormFlip,pnorm_perpFlip real(wp),dimension(npoints,1,llm) :: tmpFlip,pplayFlip,betamolFlip real(wp),dimension(SR_BINS+1) :: histBsct ! Which lidar platform? lcalipso = .false. latlid = .false. lgrlidar532 = .false. if (platform .eq. 'calipso') lcalipso=.true. if (platform .eq. 'atlid') latlid=.true. if (platform .eq. 'grlidar532') lgrlidar532=.true. ! Vertically regrid input data if (use_vgrid) then ph_in(:,1,:) = pplay(:,nlevels:1:-1) call cosp_change_vertical_grid(Npoints,1,Nlevels,zlev(:,nlevels:1:-1),zlev_half(:,nlevels:1:-1),& ph_in,llm,vgrid_zl(llm:1:-1),vgrid_zu(llm:1:-1),pplayFlip(:,1,llm:1:-1)) betamol_in(:,1,:) = pmol(:,nlevels:1:-1) call cosp_change_vertical_grid(Npoints,1,Nlevels,zlev(:,nlevels:1:-1),zlev_half(:,nlevels:1:-1),& betamol_in,llm,vgrid_zl(llm:1:-1),vgrid_zu(llm:1:-1),betamolFlip(:,1,llm:1:-1)) call cosp_change_vertical_grid(Npoints,Ncol,Nlevels,zlev(:,nlevels:1:-1),zlev_half(:,nlevels:1:-1),& pnorm(:,:,nlevels:1:-1),llm,vgrid_zl(llm:1:-1),vgrid_zu(llm:1:-1),pnormFlip(:,:,llm:1:-1)) if (lcalipso) then t_in(:,1,:)=tmp(:,nlevels:1:-1) call cosp_change_vertical_grid(Npoints,1,Nlevels,zlev(:,nlevels:1:-1),zlev_half(:,nlevels:1:-1),& t_in,llm,vgrid_zl(llm:1:-1),vgrid_zu(llm:1:-1),tmpFlip(:,1,llm:1:-1)) call cosp_change_vertical_grid(Npoints,Ncol,Nlevels,zlev(:,nlevels:1:-1),zlev_half(:,nlevels:1:-1),& pnorm_perp(:,:,nlevels:1:-1),llm,vgrid_zl(llm:1:-1),vgrid_zu(llm:1:-1),pnorm_perpFlip(:,:,llm:1:-1)) endif endif ! Initialization (The histogram bins, are set up during initialization and the ! maximum value is used as the upper bounds.) if (lcalipso) then xmax = maxval(calipso_histBsct) histBsct = calipso_histBsct endif if (latlid) then xmax = maxval(atlid_histBsct) histBsct = atlid_histBsct endif if (lgrlidar532) then xmax = maxval(grLidar532_histBsct) histBsct = grLidar532_histBsct endif ! Compute LIDAR scattering ratio if (use_vgrid) then do ic = 1, ncol pnorm_c = pnormFlip(:,ic,:) where ((pnorm_c .lt. xmax) .and. (betamolFlip(:,1,:) .lt. xmax) .and. & (betamolFlip(:,1,:) .gt. 0.0 )) x3d_c = pnorm_c/betamolFlip(:,1,:) elsewhere x3d_c = R_UNDEF end where x3d(:,ic,:) = x3d_c enddo if (lcalipso) then ! Diagnose cloud fractions for subcolumn lidar scattering ratios CALL COSP_CLDFRAC(npoints,ncol,llm,ncat,nphase,tmpFlip,x3d,pnormFlip,pnorm_perpFlip,& pplayFlip,S_att,S_cld,S_cld_att,R_UNDEF,lidarcld,cldlayer,lidarcldphase,& cldlayerphase,lidarcldtmp) ! Calipso opaque cloud diagnostics CALL COSP_OPAQ(npoints,ncol,llm,ntype,tmpFlip,x3d,S_att,S_cld,R_UNDEF,lidarcldtype, & cldtype,cldtypetemp,cldtypemeanz,cldtypemeanzse,cldthinemis,vgrid_z,surfelev) endif if (latlid) then CALL COSP_CLDFRAC_NOPHASE(npoints,ncol,llm,ncat,x3d,pnormFlip,pplayFlip, & S_att_atlid,S_cld_atlid,S_cld_att_atlid,R_UNDEF,lidarcld,cldlayer) endif if (lgrLidar532) then CALL COSP_CLDFRAC_NOPHASE(npoints,ncol,llm,ncat,x3d,pnormFlip,pplayFlip, & S_att,S_cld,S_cld_att,R_UNDEF,lidarcld,cldlayer) endif else do ic = 1, ncol pnorm_c = pnorm(:,ic,:) where ((pnorm_c.lt.xmax) .and. (pmol.lt.xmax) .and. (pmol.gt. 0.0 )) x3d_c = pnorm_c/pmol elsewhere x3d_c = R_UNDEF end where x3d(:,ic,:) = x3d_c enddo if (lcalipso) then ! Diagnose cloud fractions for subcolumn lidar scattering ratios CALL COSP_CLDFRAC(npoints,ncol,nlevels,ncat,nphase,tmp,x3d,pnorm,pnorm_perp,pplay,& S_att,S_cld,S_cld_att,R_UNDEF,lidarcld,cldlayer,lidarcldphase, & cldlayerphase,lidarcldtmp) ! Calipso opaque cloud diagnostics CALL COSP_OPAQ(npoints,ncol,nlevels,ntype,tmp,x3d,S_att,S_cld,R_UNDEF,lidarcldtype, & cldtype,cldtypetemp,cldtypemeanz,cldtypemeanzse,cldthinemis,vgrid_z,surfelev) endif if (latlid) then CALL COSP_CLDFRAC_NOPHASE(npoints,ncol,nlevels,ncat,x3d,pnorm,pplay, & S_att_atlid,S_cld_atlid,S_cld_att_atlid, R_UNDEF,lidarcld,cldlayer) endif if (lgrlidar532) then CALL COSP_CLDFRAC_NOPHASE(npoints,ncol,nlevels,ncat,x3d,pnorm,pplay, & S_att,S_cld,S_cld_att,R_UNDEF,lidarcld,cldlayer) endif endif ! CFADs if (ok_lidar_cfad) then ! CFADs of subgrid-scale lidar scattering ratios do i=1,Npoints do j=1,llm cfad2(i,:,j) = hist1D(ncol,x3d(i,:,j),SR_BINS,histBsct) enddo enddo where(cfad2 .ne. R_UNDEF) cfad2=cfad2/ncol endif ! Unit conversions where(lidarcld /= R_UNDEF) lidarcld = lidarcld*100._wp where(cldlayer /= R_UNDEF) cldlayer = cldlayer*100._wp if (lcalipso) then where(cldtype(:,1) /= R_UNDEF) cldtype(:,1) = cldtype(:,1)*100._wp where(cldtype(:,2) /= R_UNDEF) cldtype(:,2) = cldtype(:,2)*100._wp where(cldlayerphase /= R_UNDEF) cldlayerphase = cldlayerphase*100._wp where(lidarcldphase /= R_UNDEF) lidarcldphase = lidarcldphase*100._wp where(lidarcldtype /= R_UNDEF) lidarcldtype = lidarcldtype*100._wp where(lidarcldtmp /= R_UNDEF) lidarcldtmp = lidarcldtmp*100._wp endif end subroutine lidar_column ! ###################################################################################### ! The subroutines below compute the attenuated backscatter signal and the lidar ! backscatter coefficients using eq (1) from doi:0094-8276/08/2008GL034207 ! ###################################################################################### subroutine cmp_backsignal(nlev,npoints,beta,tau,pnorm) ! INPUTS integer, intent(in) :: nlev,npoints real(wp),intent(in),dimension(npoints,nlev) :: beta,tau ! OUTPUTS real(wp),intent(out),dimension(npoints,nlev) :: pnorm ! Internal Variables real(wp), dimension(npoints) :: tautot_lay integer :: k ! Uppermost layer pnorm(:,1) = beta(:,1) / (2._wp*tau(:,1)) * (1._wp-exp(-2._wp*tau(:,1))) ! Other layers do k=2,nlev tautot_lay(:) = tau(:,k)-tau(:,k-1) WHERE (tautot_lay(:) .gt. 0.) pnorm(:,k) = beta(:,k)*EXP(-2._wp*tau(:,k-1)) /& (2._wp*tautot_lay(:))*(1._wp-EXP(-2._wp*tautot_lay(:))) ELSEWHERE ! This must never happen, but just in case, to avoid div. by 0 pnorm(:,k) = beta(:,k) * EXP(-2._wp*tau(:,k-1)) END WHERE END DO end subroutine cmp_backsignal subroutine cmp_beta(nlev,npoints,pnorm,tau,beta) ! INPUTS integer, intent(in) :: nlev,npoints real(wp),intent(in),dimension(npoints,nlev) :: pnorm,tau ! OUTPUTS real(wp),intent(out),dimension(npoints,nlev) :: beta ! Internal Variables real(wp), dimension(npoints) :: tautot_lay integer :: k real(wp) :: epsrealwp epsrealwp = epsilon(1._wp) beta(:,1) = pnorm(:,1) * (2._wp*tau(:,1))/(1._wp-exp(-2._wp*tau(:,1))) do k=2,nlev tautot_lay(:) = tau(:,k)-tau(:,k-1) WHERE ( EXP(-2._wp*tau(:,k-1)) .gt. epsrealwp ) WHERE (tautot_lay(:) .gt. 0.) beta(:,k) = pnorm(:,k)/ EXP(-2._wp*tau(:,k-1))* & (2._wp*tautot_lay(:))/(1._wp-exp(-2._wp*tautot_lay(:))) ELSEWHERE beta(:,k)=pnorm(:,k)/EXP(-2._wp*tau(:,k-1)) END WHERE ELSEWHERE beta(:,k)=pnorm(:,k)/epsrealwp END WHERE ENDDO end subroutine cmp_beta ! #################################################################################### ! SUBROUTINE cosp_cldfrac ! Conventions: Ncat must be equal to 4 ! #################################################################################### SUBROUTINE COSP_CLDFRAC(Npoints,Ncolumns,Nlevels,Ncat,Nphase,tmp,x,ATB,ATBperp, & pplay,S_att,S_cld,S_cld_att,undef,lidarcld,cldlayer, & lidarcldphase,cldlayerphase,lidarcldtemp) ! Parameters integer,parameter :: Ntemp=40 ! indice of the temperature vector real(wp),parameter,dimension(Ntemp+1) :: & tempmod = [0.0, 183.15,186.15,189.15,192.15,195.15,198.15,201.15,204.15,207.15, & 210.15,213.15,216.15,219.15,222.15,225.15,228.15,231.15,234.15,237.15, & 240.15,243.15,246.15,249.15,252.15,255.15,258.15,261.15,264.15,267.15, & 270.15,273.15,276.15,279.15,282.15,285.15,288.15,291.15,294.15,297.15, & 473.15] ! Polynomial coefficient of the phase discrimination line used to separate liquid from ice ! (Cesana and Chepfer, JGR, 2013) ! ATBperp = ATB^5*alpha50 + ATB^4*beta50 + ATB^3*gamma50 + ATB^2*delta50 + ATB*epsilon50 + zeta50 real(wp),parameter :: & alpha50 = 9.0322e+15_wp, & ! beta50 = -2.1358e+12_wp, & ! gamma50 = 173.3963e06_wp, & ! delta50 = -3.9514e03_wp, & ! epsilon50 = 0.2559_wp, & ! zeta50 = -9.4776e-07_wp ! ! Inputs integer,intent(in) :: & Npoints, & ! Number of gridpoints Ncolumns, & ! Number of subcolumns Nlevels, & ! Number of vertical levels Ncat, & ! Number of cloud layer types Nphase ! Number of cloud layer phase types ! [ice,liquid,undefined,false ice,false liquid,Percent of ice] real(wp),intent(in) :: & S_att, & ! S_cld, & ! S_cld_att,& ! New threshold for undefine cloud phase detection undef ! Undefined value real(wp),intent(in),dimension(Npoints,Ncolumns,Nlevels) :: & x, & ! ATB, & ! 3D attenuated backscatter ATBperp ! 3D attenuated backscatter (perpendicular) real(wp),intent(in),dimension(Npoints,Nlevels) :: & tmp, & ! Temperature pplay ! Pressure ! Outputs real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,Ntemp,5) :: & lidarcldtemp ! 3D Temperature 1=tot,2=ice,3=liq,4=undef,5=ice/ice+liq real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,Nlevels,Nphase) :: & lidarcldphase ! 3D cloud phase fraction real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,Nlevels) :: & lidarcld ! 3D cloud fraction real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,Ncat) :: & cldlayer ! Low, middle, high, total cloud fractions real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,Ncat,Nphase) :: & cldlayerphase ! Low, middle, high, total cloud fractions for ice liquid and undefine phase ! Local variables integer :: & ip, k, iz, ic, ncol, nlev, i, itemp, toplvlsat real(wp) :: & p1,checktemp, ATBperp_tmp,checkcldlayerphase, checkcldlayerphase2 real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Nlevels) :: & nsub,lidarcldphasetmp real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ntemp) :: & sumlidarcldtemp,lidarcldtempind real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ncolumns,Ncat) :: & cldlay,nsublay real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ncat) :: & nsublayer,cldlayerphasetmp,cldlayerphasesum real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ncolumns,Nlevels) :: & tmpi, & ! Temperature of ice cld tmpl, & ! Temperature of liquid cld tmpu, & ! Temperature of undef cld cldy, & ! srok ! real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ncolumns,Ncat,Nphase) :: & cldlayphase ! subgrided low mid high phase cloud fraction ! #################################################################################### ! 1) Initialize ! #################################################################################### lidarcld = 0._wp nsub = 0._wp cldlay = 0._wp nsublay = 0._wp ATBperp_tmp = 0._wp lidarcldphase(:,:,:) = 0._wp cldlayphase(:,:,:,:) = 0._wp cldlayerphase(:,:,:) = 0._wp tmpi(:,:,:) = 0._wp tmpl(:,:,:) = 0._wp tmpu(:,:,:) = 0._wp cldlayerphasesum(:,:) = 0._wp lidarcldtemp(:,:,:) = 0._wp lidarcldtempind(:,:) = 0._wp sumlidarcldtemp(:,:) = 0._wp lidarcldphasetmp(:,:) = 0._wp toplvlsat = 0 ! #################################################################################### ! 2) Cloud detection ! #################################################################################### do k=1,Nlevels ! Cloud detection at subgrid-scale: where ((x(:,:,k) .gt. S_cld) .and. (x(:,:,k) .ne. undef) ) cldy(:,:,k)=1._wp elsewhere cldy(:,:,k)=0._wp endwhere ! Number of usefull sub-columns: where ((x(:,:,k) .gt. S_att) .and. (x(:,:,k) .ne. undef) ) srok(:,:,k)=1._wp elsewhere srok(:,:,k)=0._wp endwhere enddo ! #################################################################################### ! 3) Grid-box 3D cloud fraction and layered cloud fractions(ISCCP pressure categories) ! #################################################################################### lidarcld = 0._wp nsub = 0._wp cldlay = 0._wp nsublay = 0._wp do k=1,Nlevels do ic = 1, Ncolumns do ip = 1, Npoints ! Computation of the cloud fraction as a function of the temperature instead ! of height, for ice,liquid and all clouds if(srok(ip,ic,k).gt.0.)then do itemp=1,Ntemp if( (tmp(ip,k).ge.tempmod(itemp)).and.(tmp(ip,k).lt.tempmod(itemp+1)) )then lidarcldtempind(ip,itemp)=lidarcldtempind(ip,itemp)+1._wp endif enddo endif if(cldy(ip,ic,k).eq.1.)then do itemp=1,Ntemp if( (tmp(ip,k) .ge. tempmod(itemp)).and.(tmp(ip,k) .lt. tempmod(itemp+1)) )then lidarcldtemp(ip,itemp,1)=lidarcldtemp(ip,itemp,1)+1._wp endif enddo endif iz=1 p1 = pplay(ip,k) if ( p1.gt.0. .and. p1.lt.(440._wp*100._wp)) then ! high clouds iz=3 else if(p1.ge.(440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1.lt.(680._wp*100._wp)) then ! mid clouds iz=2 endif cldlay(ip,ic,iz) = MAX(cldlay(ip,ic,iz),cldy(ip,ic,k)) cldlay(ip,ic,4) = MAX(cldlay(ip,ic,4),cldy(ip,ic,k)) lidarcld(ip,k) = lidarcld(ip,k) + cldy(ip,ic,k) nsublay(ip,ic,iz) = MAX(nsublay(ip,ic,iz),srok(ip,ic,k)) nsublay(ip,ic,4) = MAX(nsublay(ip,ic,4),srok(ip,ic,k)) nsub(ip,k) = nsub(ip,k) + srok(ip,ic,k) enddo enddo enddo ! Grid-box 3D cloud fraction where ( nsub(:,:).gt.0.0 ) lidarcld(:,:) = lidarcld(:,:)/nsub(:,:) elsewhere lidarcld(:,:) = undef endwhere ! Layered cloud fractions cldlayer = 0._wp nsublayer = 0._wp do iz = 1, Ncat do ic = 1, Ncolumns cldlayer(:,iz) = cldlayer(:,iz) + cldlay(:,ic,iz) nsublayer(:,iz) = nsublayer(:,iz) + nsublay(:,ic,iz) enddo enddo where (nsublayer(:,:) .gt. 0.0) cldlayer(:,:) = cldlayer(:,:)/nsublayer(:,:) elsewhere cldlayer(:,:) = undef endwhere ! #################################################################################### ! 4) Grid-box 3D cloud Phase ! #################################################################################### ! #################################################################################### ! 4.1) For Cloudy pixels with 8.16km < z < 19.2km ! #################################################################################### do ncol=1,Ncolumns do i=1,Npoints do nlev=1,23 ! from 19.2km until 8.16km p1 = pplay(1,nlev) ! Avoid zero values if( (cldy(i,ncol,nlev).eq.1.) .and. (ATBperp(i,ncol,nlev).gt.0.) )then ! Computation of the ATBperp along the phase discrimination line ATBperp_tmp = (ATB(i,ncol,nlev)**5)*alpha50 + (ATB(i,ncol,nlev)**4)*beta50 + & (ATB(i,ncol,nlev)**3)*gamma50 + (ATB(i,ncol,nlev)**2)*delta50 + & ATB(i,ncol,nlev)*epsilon50 + zeta50 ! ######################################################################## ! 4.1.a) Ice: ATBperp above the phase discrimination line ! ######################################################################## if((ATBperp(i,ncol,nlev)-ATBperp_tmp) .ge. 0.)then ! Ice clouds ! ICE with temperature above 273,15°K = Liquid (false ice) if(tmp(i,nlev) .gt. 273.15) then ! Temperature above 273,15 K ! Liquid: False ice corrected by the temperature to Liquid lidarcldphase(i,nlev,2) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,2)+1._wp ! False ice detection ==> added to Liquid tmpl(i,ncol,nlev) = tmp(i,nlev) lidarcldphase(i,nlev,5) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,5)+1._wp ! Keep the information "temperature criterium used" ! to classify the phase cloud cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,2) = 1. ! tot cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1.lt.(440._wp*100._wp)) then ! high cloud cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,2) = 1._wp else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then ! mid cloud cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,2) = 1._wp else ! low cloud cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,2) = 1._wp endif cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,5) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,5) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,5) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,5) = 1._wp endif else ! ICE with temperature below 273,15°K lidarcldphase(i,nlev,1) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,1)+1._wp tmpi(i,ncol,nlev) = tmp(i,nlev) cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,1) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,1) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,1) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,1) = 1._wp endif endif ! ######################################################################## ! 4.1.b) Liquid: ATBperp below the phase discrimination line ! ######################################################################## else ! Liquid with temperature above 231,15°K if(tmp(i,nlev) .gt. 231.15_wp) then lidarcldphase(i,nlev,2) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,2)+1._wp tmpl(i,ncol,nlev) = tmp(i,nlev) cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,2) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,2) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,2) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,2) = 1._wp endif else ! Liquid with temperature below 231,15°K = Ice (false liquid) tmpi(i,ncol,nlev) = tmp(i,nlev) lidarcldphase(i,nlev,1) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,1)+1._wp ! false liquid detection ==> added to ice lidarcldphase(i,nlev,4) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,4)+1._wp cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,4) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,4) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,4) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,4) = 1._wp endif cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,1) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,1) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,1) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,1) = 1._wp endif endif endif ! end of discrimination condition endif ! end of cloud condition enddo ! end of altitude loop ! ############################################################################## ! 4.2) For Cloudy pixels with 0km < z < 8.16km ! ############################################################################## toplvlsat = 0 do nlev=24,Nlevels! from 8.16km until 0km p1 = pplay(i,nlev) if((cldy(i,ncol,nlev) .eq. 1.) .and. (ATBperp(i,ncol,nlev) .gt. 0.) )then ! Computation of the ATBperp of the phase discrimination line ATBperp_tmp = (ATB(i,ncol,nlev)**5)*alpha50 + (ATB(i,ncol,nlev)**4)*beta50 + & (ATB(i,ncol,nlev)**3)*gamma50 + (ATB(i,ncol,nlev)**2)*delta50 + & ATB(i,ncol,nlev)*epsilon50 + zeta50 ! ######################################################################## ! 4.2.a) Ice: ATBperp above the phase discrimination line ! ######################################################################## ! ICE with temperature above 273,15°K = Liquid (false ice) if((ATBperp(i,ncol,nlev)-ATBperp_tmp) .ge. 0.)then ! Ice clouds if(tmp(i,nlev) .gt. 273.15)then lidarcldphase(i,nlev,2) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,2)+1._wp ! false ice ==> liq tmpl(i,ncol,nlev) = tmp(i,nlev) lidarcldphase(i,nlev,5) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,5)+1._wp cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,2) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,2) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,2) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,2) = 1._wp endif cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,5) = 1. ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,5) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,5) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,5) = 1._wp endif else ! ICE with temperature below 273,15°K lidarcldphase(i,nlev,1) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,1)+1._wp tmpi(i,ncol,nlev) = tmp(i,nlev) cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,1) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,1) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt.(680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,1) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,1) = 1._wp endif endif ! ######################################################################## ! 4.2.b) Liquid: ATBperp below the phase discrimination line ! ######################################################################## else ! Liquid with temperature above 231,15°K if(tmp(i,nlev) .gt. 231.15)then lidarcldphase(i,nlev,2) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,2)+1._wp tmpl(i,ncol,nlev) = tmp(i,nlev) cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,2) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,2) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,2) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,2) = 1._wp endif else ! Liquid with temperature below 231,15°K = Ice (false liquid) tmpi(i,ncol,nlev) = tmp(i,nlev) lidarcldphase(i,nlev,1) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,1)+1._wp ! false liq ==> ice lidarcldphase(i,nlev,4) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,4)+1._wp ! false liq ==> ice cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,4) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,4) = 1._wp ! Middle else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,4) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,4) = 1._wp endif cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,1) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,1) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,1) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,1) = 1._wp endif endif endif ! end of discrimination condition toplvlsat=0 ! Find the level of the highest cloud with SR>30 if(x(i,ncol,nlev) .gt. S_cld_att) then ! SR > 30. toplvlsat = nlev+1 goto 99 endif endif ! end of cloud condition enddo ! end of altitude loop 99 continue ! ############################################################################## ! Undefined phase: For a cloud located below another cloud with SR>30 ! see Cesana and Chepfer 2013 Sect.III.2 ! ############################################################################## if(toplvlsat.ne.0) then do nlev = toplvlsat,Nlevels p1 = pplay(i,nlev) if(cldy(i,ncol,nlev).eq.1.)then lidarcldphase(i,nlev,3) = lidarcldphase(i,nlev,3)+1._wp tmpu(i,ncol,nlev) = tmp(i,nlev) cldlayphase(i,ncol,4,3) = 1._wp ! tot cloud ! High cloud if (p1 .gt. 0. .and. p1 .lt. (440._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,3,3) = 1._wp ! Middle cloud else if(p1 .ge. (440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1 .lt. (680._wp*100._wp)) then cldlayphase(i,ncol,2,3) = 1._wp ! Low cloud else cldlayphase(i,ncol,1,3) = 1._wp endif endif enddo endif toplvlsat=0 enddo enddo ! #################################################################################### ! Computation of final cloud phase diagnosis ! #################################################################################### ! Compute the Ice percentage in cloud = ice/(ice+liq) as a function of the occurrences lidarcldphasetmp(:,:) = lidarcldphase(:,:,1)+lidarcldphase(:,:,2); WHERE (lidarcldphasetmp(:,:) .gt. 0.) lidarcldphase(:,:,6)=lidarcldphase(:,:,1)/lidarcldphasetmp(:,:) ELSEWHERE lidarcldphase(:,:,6) = undef ENDWHERE ! Compute Phase 3D Cloud Fraction !WHERE (nsub(:,Nlevels:1:-1) .gt. 0.0 ) WHERE (nsub(:,:) .gt. 0.0 ) lidarcldphase(:,:,1)=lidarcldphase(:,:,1)/nsub(:,:) lidarcldphase(:,:,2)=lidarcldphase(:,:,2)/nsub(:,:) lidarcldphase(:,:,3)=lidarcldphase(:,:,3)/nsub(:,:) lidarcldphase(:,:,4)=lidarcldphase(:,:,4)/nsub(:,:) lidarcldphase(:,:,5)=lidarcldphase(:,:,5)/nsub(:,:) ELSEWHERE lidarcldphase(:,:,1) = undef lidarcldphase(:,:,2) = undef lidarcldphase(:,:,3) = undef lidarcldphase(:,:,4) = undef lidarcldphase(:,:,5) = undef ENDWHERE ! Compute Phase low mid high cloud fractions do iz = 1, Ncat do i=1,Nphase-3 do ic = 1, Ncolumns cldlayerphase(:,iz,i) = cldlayerphase(:,iz,i) + cldlayphase(:,ic,iz,i) cldlayerphasesum(:,iz) = cldlayerphasesum(:,iz) + cldlayphase(:,ic,iz,i) enddo enddo enddo do iz = 1, Ncat do i=4,5 do ic = 1, Ncolumns cldlayerphase(:,iz,i) = cldlayerphase(:,iz,i) + cldlayphase(:,ic,iz,i) enddo enddo enddo ! Compute the Ice percentage in cloud = ice/(ice+liq) cldlayerphasetmp(:,:)=cldlayerphase(:,:,1)+cldlayerphase(:,:,2) WHERE (cldlayerphasetmp(:,:).gt. 0.) cldlayerphase(:,:,6)=cldlayerphase(:,:,1)/cldlayerphasetmp(:,:) ELSEWHERE cldlayerphase(:,:,6) = undef ENDWHERE do i=1,Nphase-1 WHERE ( cldlayerphasesum(:,:).gt.0.0 ) cldlayerphase(:,:,i) = (cldlayerphase(:,:,i)/cldlayerphasesum(:,:)) * cldlayer(:,:) ENDWHERE enddo do i=1,Npoints do iz=1,Ncat checkcldlayerphase=0. checkcldlayerphase2=0. if (cldlayerphasesum(i,iz) .gt. 0.0 )then do ic=1,Nphase-3 checkcldlayerphase = checkcldlayerphase+cldlayerphase(i,iz,ic) enddo checkcldlayerphase2 = cldlayer(i,iz)-checkcldlayerphase if((checkcldlayerphase2 .gt. 0.01) .or. (checkcldlayerphase2 .lt. -0.01) ) print *, checkcldlayerphase,cldlayer(i,iz) endif enddo enddo do i=1,Nphase-1 WHERE (nsublayer(:,:) .eq. 0.0) cldlayerphase(:,:,i) = undef ENDWHERE enddo ! Compute Phase 3D as a function of temperature do nlev=1,Nlevels do ncol=1,Ncolumns do i=1,Npoints do itemp=1,Ntemp if(tmpi(i,ncol,nlev).gt.0.)then if((tmpi(i,ncol,nlev) .ge. tempmod(itemp)) .and. (tmpi(i,ncol,nlev) .lt. tempmod(itemp+1)) )then lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,2)=lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,2)+1._wp endif elseif(tmpl(i,ncol,nlev) .gt. 0.)then if((tmpl(i,ncol,nlev) .ge. tempmod(itemp)) .and. (tmpl(i,ncol,nlev) .lt. tempmod(itemp+1)) )then lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,3)=lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,3)+1._wp endif elseif(tmpu(i,ncol,nlev) .gt. 0.)then if((tmpu(i,ncol,nlev) .ge. tempmod(itemp)) .and. (tmpu(i,ncol,nlev) .lt. tempmod(itemp+1)) )then lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,4)=lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,4)+1._wp endif endif enddo enddo enddo enddo ! Check temperature cloud fraction do i=1,Npoints do itemp=1,Ntemp checktemp=lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,2)+lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,3)+lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,4) !if(checktemp .NE. lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,1))then ! print *, i,itemp ! print *, lidarcldtemp(i,itemp,1:4) !endif enddo enddo ! Compute the Ice percentage in cloud = ice/(ice+liq) sumlidarcldtemp(:,:)=lidarcldtemp(:,:,2)+lidarcldtemp(:,:,3) WHERE(sumlidarcldtemp(:,:) .gt. 0.) lidarcldtemp(:,:,5)=lidarcldtemp(:,:,2)/sumlidarcldtemp(:,:) ELSEWHERE lidarcldtemp(:,:,5)=undef ENDWHERE do i=1,4 WHERE(lidarcldtempind(:,:) .gt. 0.) lidarcldtemp(:,:,i) = lidarcldtemp(:,:,i)/lidarcldtempind(:,:) ELSEWHERE lidarcldtemp(:,:,i) = undef ENDWHERE enddo RETURN END SUBROUTINE COSP_CLDFRAC ! #################################################################################### ! SUBROUTINE cosp_cldfrac_nophase ! Conventions: Ncat must be equal to 4 ! #################################################################################### SUBROUTINE COSP_CLDFRAC_NOPHASE(Npoints,Ncolumns,Nlevels,Ncat,x,ATB,pplay, & S_att,S_cld,S_cld_att,undef,lidarcld,cldlayer) ! Inputs integer,intent(in) :: & Npoints, & ! Number of gridpoints Ncolumns, & ! Number of subcolumns Nlevels, & ! Number of vertical levels Ncat ! Number of cloud layer types real(wp),intent(in) :: & S_att, & ! S_cld, & ! S_cld_att,& ! New threshold for undefine cloud phase detection undef ! Undefined value real(wp),intent(in),dimension(Npoints,Ncolumns,Nlevels) :: & x, & ! ATB ! 3D attenuated backscatter real(wp),intent(in),dimension(Npoints,Nlevels) :: & pplay ! Pressure ! Outputs real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,Nlevels) :: & lidarcld ! 3D cloud fraction real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,Ncat) :: & cldlayer ! Low, middle, high, total cloud fractions ! Local variables integer :: & ip, k, iz, ic, ncol, nlev, i real(wp) :: & p1 real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Nlevels) :: & nsub real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ncolumns,Ncat) :: & cldlay,nsublay real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ncat) :: & nsublayer real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ncolumns,Nlevels) :: & cldy, & ! srok ! ! #################################################################################### ! 1) Initialize ! #################################################################################### lidarcld = 0._wp nsub = 0._wp cldlay = 0._wp nsublay = 0._wp ! #################################################################################### ! 2) Cloud detection ! #################################################################################### do k=1,Nlevels ! Cloud detection at subgrid-scale: where ((x(:,:,k) .gt. S_cld) .and. (x(:,:,k) .ne. undef) ) cldy(:,:,k)=1._wp elsewhere cldy(:,:,k)=0._wp endwhere ! Number of usefull sub-columns: where ((x(:,:,k) .gt. S_att) .and. (x(:,:,k) .ne. undef) ) srok(:,:,k)=1._wp elsewhere srok(:,:,k)=0._wp endwhere enddo ! #################################################################################### ! 3) Grid-box 3D cloud fraction and layered cloud fractions(ISCCP pressure categories) ! #################################################################################### do k=1,Nlevels do ic = 1, Ncolumns do ip = 1, Npoints iz=1 p1 = pplay(ip,k) if ( p1.gt.0. .and. p1.lt.(440._wp*100._wp)) then ! high clouds iz=3 else if(p1.ge.(440._wp*100._wp) .and. p1.lt.(680._wp*100._wp)) then ! mid clouds iz=2 endif cldlay(ip,ic,iz) = MAX(cldlay(ip,ic,iz),cldy(ip,ic,k)) cldlay(ip,ic,4) = MAX(cldlay(ip,ic,4),cldy(ip,ic,k)) lidarcld(ip,k) = lidarcld(ip,k) + cldy(ip,ic,k) nsublay(ip,ic,iz) = MAX(nsublay(ip,ic,iz),srok(ip,ic,k)) nsublay(ip,ic,4) = MAX(nsublay(ip,ic,4),srok(ip,ic,k)) nsub(ip,k) = nsub(ip,k) + srok(ip,ic,k) enddo enddo enddo ! Grid-box 3D cloud fraction where ( nsub(:,:).gt.0.0 ) lidarcld(:,:) = lidarcld(:,:)/nsub(:,:) elsewhere lidarcld(:,:) = undef endwhere ! Layered cloud fractions cldlayer = 0._wp nsublayer = 0._wp do iz = 1, Ncat do ic = 1, Ncolumns cldlayer(:,iz) = cldlayer(:,iz) + cldlay(:,ic,iz) nsublayer(:,iz) = nsublayer(:,iz) + nsublay(:,ic,iz) enddo enddo where (nsublayer(:,:) .gt. 0.0) cldlayer(:,:) = cldlayer(:,:)/nsublayer(:,:) elsewhere cldlayer(:,:) = undef endwhere RETURN END SUBROUTINE COSP_CLDFRAC_NOPHASE ! #################################################################################### ! SUBROUTINE cosp_opaq ! Conventions: Ntype must be equal to 3 ! #################################################################################### SUBROUTINE COSP_OPAQ(Npoints,Ncolumns,Nlevels,Ntype,tmp,x,S_att,S_cld,undef,lidarcldtype, & cldtype,cldtypetemp,cldtypemeanz,cldtypemeanzse,cldthinemis,vgrid_z, & surfelev) ! Local parameter real(wp),parameter :: & S_att_opaq = 0.06_wp, & ! Fully Attenuated threshold (Guzman et al. 2017, JGR-Atmospheres) eta = 0.6_wp ! Multiple-scattering factor (Vaillant de Guelis et al. 2017a, AMT) ! Inputs integer,intent(in) :: & Npoints, & ! Number of gridpoints Ncolumns, & ! Number of subcolumns Nlevels, & ! Number of vertical levels Ntype ! Number of OPAQ cloud types (opaque, thin clouds and z_opaque) real(wp),intent(in) :: & S_att, & ! Fully Attenuated legacy threshold S_cld, & ! Cloud detection threshold undef ! Undefined value real(wp),intent(in),dimension(Nlevels) :: & vgrid_z ! mid-level vertical profile altitude (subcolumns) real(wp),intent(in),dimension(Npoints,Ncolumns,Nlevels) :: & x ! SR profiles (subcolumns) real(wp),intent(in),dimension(Npoints,Nlevels) :: & tmp ! Temperature profiles real(wp),intent(in),dimension(Npoints) :: & surfelev ! Surface Elevation (SE) ! Outputs real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,Nlevels,Ntype+1) :: & lidarcldtype ! 3D OPAQ product fraction (opaque clouds, thin clouds, z_opaque, opacity) real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,Ntype) :: & cldtype, & ! Opaque/thin cloud covers + z_opaque altitude cldtypetemp ! Opaque and thin clouds + z_opaque temperature real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,2) :: & cldtypemeanz ! Opaque and thin clouds altitude real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints,3) :: & cldtypemeanzse ! Opaque, thin clouds and z_opaque altitude with respect to SE real(wp),intent(out),dimension(Npoints) :: & cldthinemis ! Thin clouds emissivity ! Local variables integer :: & ip, k, zopac, ic, iz, z_top, z_base, topcloud real(wp) :: & srmean, srcount, trans2, tau_app, tau_vis, tau_ir, cloudemis real(wp),dimension(Npoints) :: & count_emis real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Nlevels) :: & nsub, nsubopaq real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ncolumns,Ntype+1) :: & ! Opaque, thin, z_opaque and all cloud cover cldlay, nsublay real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ntype) :: & nsublayer real(wp),dimension(Npoints,Ncolumns,Nlevels) :: & cldy, & ! cldyopaq, & ! srok, & ! srokopaq ! ! #################################################################################### ! 1) Initialize ! #################################################################################### cldtype(:,:) = 0._wp cldtypetemp(:,:) = 0._wp cldtypemeanz(:,:) = 0._wp cldtypemeanzse(:,:) = 0._wp cldthinemis(:) = 0._wp count_emis(:) = 0._wp lidarcldtype(:,:,:) = 0._wp nsub = 0._wp nsubopaq = 0._wp cldlay = 0._wp nsublay = 0._wp nsublayer = 0._wp ! #################################################################################### ! 2) Cloud detection and Fully attenuated layer detection ! #################################################################################### do k=1,Nlevels ! Cloud detection at subgrid-scale: where ( (x(:,:,k) .gt. S_cld) .and. (x(:,:,k) .ne. undef) ) cldy(:,:,k)=1._wp elsewhere cldy(:,:,k)=0._wp endwhere ! Fully attenuated layer detection at subgrid-scale: where ( (x(:,:,k) .lt. S_att_opaq) .and. (x(:,:,k) .ge. 0.) .and. (x(:,:,k) .ne. undef) ) !DEBUG cldyopaq(:,:,k)=1._wp elsewhere cldyopaq(:,:,k)=0._wp endwhere ! Number of usefull sub-column layers: where ( (x(:,:,k) .gt. S_att) .and. (x(:,:,k) .ne. undef) ) srok(:,:,k)=1._wp elsewhere srok(:,:,k)=0._wp endwhere ! Number of usefull sub-columns layers for z_opaque 3D fraction: where ( (x(:,:,k) .ge. 0.) .and. (x(:,:,k) .ne. undef) ) !DEBUG srokopaq(:,:,k)=1._wp elsewhere srokopaq(:,:,k)=0._wp endwhere enddo ! #################################################################################### ! 3) Grid-box 3D OPAQ product fraction and cloud type cover (opaque/thin) + mean z_opaque ! #################################################################################### do k=1,Nlevels do ic = 1, Ncolumns do ip = 1, Npoints cldlay(ip,ic,1) = MAX(cldlay(ip,ic,1),cldyopaq(ip,ic,k)) ! Opaque cloud cldlay(ip,ic,4) = MAX(cldlay(ip,ic,4),cldy(ip,ic,k)) ! All cloud nsublay(ip,ic,1) = MAX(nsublay(ip,ic,1),srok(ip,ic,k)) nsublay(ip,ic,2) = MAX(nsublay(ip,ic,2),srok(ip,ic,k)) ! nsublay(ip,ic,4) = MAX(nsublay(ip,ic,4),srok(ip,ic,k)) nsub(ip,k) = nsub(ip,k) + srok(ip,ic,k) nsubopaq(ip,k) = nsubopaq(ip,k) + srokopaq(ip,ic,k) enddo enddo enddo ! OPAQ variables do ic = 1, Ncolumns do ip = 1, Npoints ! Declaring non-opaque cloudy profiles as thin cloud profiles if ( cldlay(ip,ic,4).gt. 0. .and. cldlay(ip,ic,1) .eq. 0. ) then cldlay(ip,ic,2) = 1._wp endif ! Filling in 3D and 2D variables ! Opaque cloud profiles if ( cldlay(ip,ic,1) .eq. 1. ) then zopac = 0._wp z_top = 0._wp do k=1,Nlevels-1 ! Declaring z_opaque altitude and opaque cloud fraction for 3D and 2D variables ! From SFC-2-TOA ( actually from vgrid_z(SFC+1) = vgrid_z(Nlevels-1) ) if ( cldy(ip,ic,Nlevels-k) .eq. 1. .and. zopac .eq. 0. ) then lidarcldtype(ip,Nlevels-k + 1,3) = lidarcldtype(ip,Nlevels-k + 1,3) + 1._wp cldlay(ip,ic,3) = vgrid_z(Nlevels-k+1) ! z_opaque altitude nsublay(ip,ic,3) = 1._wp zopac = Nlevels-k+1 ! z_opaque vertical index on vgrid_z endif if ( cldy(ip,ic,Nlevels-k) .eq. 1. ) then lidarcldtype(ip,Nlevels-k ,1) = lidarcldtype(ip,Nlevels-k ,1) + 1._wp z_top = Nlevels-k ! top cloud layer vertical index on vgrid_z endif enddo ! Summing opaque cloud mean temperatures and altitudes ! as defined in Vaillant de Guelis et al. 2017a, AMT if (zopac .ne. 0) then cldtypetemp(ip,1) = cldtypetemp(ip,1) + ( tmp(ip,zopac) + tmp(ip,z_top) )/2. cldtypetemp(ip,3) = cldtypetemp(ip,3) + tmp(ip,zopac) ! z_opaque cldtypemeanz(ip,1) = cldtypemeanz(ip,1) + ( vgrid_z(zopac) + vgrid_z(z_top) )/2. cldtypemeanzse(ip,1) = cldtypemeanzse(ip,1) + (( vgrid_z(zopac) + vgrid_z(z_top) )/2.) - surfelev(ip) cldtypemeanzse(ip,3) = cldtypemeanzse(ip,3) + ( vgrid_z(zopac) - surfelev(ip) ) else cldlay(ip,ic,1) = 0 endif endif ! Thin cloud profiles if ( cldlay(ip,ic,2) .eq. 1. ) then topcloud = 0._wp z_top = 0._wp z_base = 0._wp do k=1,Nlevels ! Declaring thin cloud fraction for 3D variable ! From TOA-2-SFC if ( cldy(ip,ic,k) .eq. 1. .and. topcloud .eq. 1. ) then lidarcldtype(ip,k,2) = lidarcldtype(ip,k,2) + 1._wp z_base = k ! bottom cloud layer endif if ( cldy(ip,ic,k) .eq. 1. .and. topcloud .eq. 0. ) then lidarcldtype(ip,k,2) = lidarcldtype(ip,k,2) + 1._wp z_top = k ! top cloud layer z_base = k ! bottom cloud layer topcloud = 1._wp endif enddo ! Computing mean emissivity using layers below the bottom cloud layer to the surface srmean = 0._wp srcount = 0._wp cloudemis = 0._wp do k=z_base+1,Nlevels if ( (x(ip,ic,k) .gt. S_att_opaq) .and. (x(ip,ic,k) .lt. 1.0) .and. (x(ip,ic,k) .ne. undef) ) then srmean = srmean + x(ip,ic,k) srcount = srcount + 1. endif enddo ! If clear sky layers exist below bottom cloud layer if ( srcount .gt. 0. ) then trans2 = srmean/srcount ! thin cloud transmittance**2 tau_app = -(log(trans2))/2. ! apparent cloud optical depth tau_vis = tau_app/eta ! cloud visible optical depth (multiple scat.) tau_ir = tau_vis/2. ! approx. relation between visible and IR ODs cloudemis = 1. - exp(-tau_ir) ! no diffusion in IR considered : emis = 1-T count_emis(ip) = count_emis(ip) + 1. endif ! Summing thin cloud mean temperatures and altitudes ! as defined in Vaillant de Guelis et al. 2017a, AMT cldtypetemp(ip,2) = cldtypetemp(ip,2) + ( tmp(ip,z_base) + tmp(ip,z_top) )/2. cldtypemeanz(ip,2) = cldtypemeanz(ip,2) + ( vgrid_z(z_base) + vgrid_z(z_top) )/2. cldtypemeanzse(ip,2) = cldtypemeanzse(ip,2) + (( vgrid_z(z_base) + vgrid_z(z_top) )/2.) - surfelev(ip) cldthinemis(ip) = cldthinemis(ip) + cloudemis endif enddo enddo ! 3D cloud types fraction (opaque=1 and thin=2 clouds) where ( nsub(:,:) .gt. 0. ) lidarcldtype(:,:,1) = lidarcldtype(:,:,1)/nsub(:,:) lidarcldtype(:,:,2) = lidarcldtype(:,:,2)/nsub(:,:) elsewhere lidarcldtype(:,:,1) = undef lidarcldtype(:,:,2) = undef endwhere ! 3D z_opaque fraction (=3) where ( nsubopaq(:,:) .gt. 0. ) lidarcldtype(:,:,3) = lidarcldtype(:,:,3)/nsubopaq(:,:) elsewhere lidarcldtype(:,:,3) = undef lidarcldtype(:,:,4) = undef !declaring undef for opacity as well endwhere ! 3D opacity fraction (=4) !Summing z_opaque fraction from TOA(k=1) to SFC(k=Nlevels) lidarcldtype(:,1,4) = lidarcldtype(:,1,3) !top layer equal to 3D z_opaque fraction do ip = 1, Npoints do k = 2, Nlevels if ( (lidarcldtype(ip,k,3) .ne. undef) .and. (lidarcldtype(ip,k-1,4) .ne. undef) ) then lidarcldtype(ip,k,4) = lidarcldtype(ip,k,3) + lidarcldtype(ip,k-1,4) else lidarcldtype(ip,k,4) = undef endif enddo enddo ! Layered cloud types (opaque, thin and z_opaque 2D variables) do iz = 1, Ntype do ic = 1, Ncolumns cldtype(:,iz) = cldtype(:,iz) + cldlay(:,ic,iz) nsublayer(:,iz) = nsublayer(:,iz) + nsublay(:,ic,iz) enddo enddo ! Mean temperature and altitude where (cldtype(:,1) .gt. 0.) cldtypetemp(:,1) = cldtypetemp(:,1)/cldtype(:,1) ! opaque cloud temp cldtypetemp(:,3) = cldtypetemp(:,3)/cldtype(:,1) ! z_opaque cldtypemeanz(:,1) = cldtypemeanz(:,1)/cldtype(:,1) ! opaque cloud alt cldtypemeanzse(:,1) = cldtypemeanzse(:,1)/cldtype(:,1) ! opaque cloud alt - SE cldtypemeanzse(:,3) = cldtypemeanzse(:,3)/cldtype(:,1) ! z_opaque - SE elsewhere cldtypetemp(:,1) = undef cldtypetemp(:,3) = undef cldtypemeanz(:,1) = undef cldtypemeanzse(:,1) = undef cldtypemeanzse(:,3) = undef endwhere where (cldtype(:,2) .gt. 0.) ! thin cloud cldtypetemp(:,2) = cldtypetemp(:,2)/cldtype(:,2) cldtypemeanz(:,2) = cldtypemeanz(:,2)/cldtype(:,2) cldtypemeanzse(:,2) = cldtypemeanzse(:,2)/cldtype(:,2) elsewhere cldtypetemp(:,2) = undef cldtypemeanz(:,2) = undef cldtypemeanzse(:,2) = undef endwhere ! Mean thin cloud emissivity where (count_emis(:) .gt. 0.) ! thin cloud cldthinemis(:) = cldthinemis(:)/count_emis(:) elsewhere cldthinemis(:) = undef endwhere where (nsublayer(:,:) .gt. 0.) cldtype(:,:) = cldtype(:,:)/nsublayer(:,:) elsewhere cldtype(:,:) = undef endwhere END SUBROUTINE COSP_OPAQ end module mod_lidar_simulator