source: LMDZ6/trunk/libf/phylmd/rrtm/lwu.F90 @ 5450

Last change on this file since 5450 was 5294, checked in by Laurent Fairhead, 2 months ago

Keeping clesphys.h was not the right solution
LF

  • Property copyright set to
    Name of program: LMDZ
    Creation date: 1984
    Version: LMDZ5
    License: CeCILL version 2
    Holder: Laboratoire de m\'et\'eorologie dynamique, CNRS, UMR 8539
    See the license file in the root directory
  • Property svn:keywords set to Author Date Id Revi
File size: 12.3 KB
Line 
1!
2! $Id: lwu.F90 5294 2024-10-29 18:35:00Z aborella $
3!
4SUBROUTINE LWU &
5 & ( KIDIA, KFDIA, KLON, KLEV,&
6 & PAER , PCCO2, PDP , PPMB, PQOF , PTAVE, PVIEW, PWV,&
7 & PABCU &
8 & )
9
10!**** *LWU* - LONGWAVE EFFECTIVE ABSORBER AMOUNTS
11
12!     PURPOSE.
13!     --------
14!           COMPUTES ABSORBER AMOUNTS INCLUDING PRESSURE AND
15!           TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
16
17!**   INTERFACE.
18!     ----------
19
20!        EXPLICIT ARGUMENTS :
21!        --------------------
22!     ==== INPUTS ===
23! PAER   : (KLON,6,KLEV)     ; OPTICAL THICKNESS OF THE AEROSOLS
24! PCCO2  :                   ; CONCENTRATION IN CO2 (PA/PA)
25! PDP    : (KLON,KLEV)       ; LAYER PRESSURE THICKNESS (PA)
26! PPMB   : (KLON,KLEV+1)     ; HALF LEVEL PRESSURE
27! PQOF   : (KLON,KLEV)       ; CONCENTRATION IN OZONE (PA/PA)
28! PTAVE  : (KLON,KLEV)       ; TEMPERATURE
29! PWV    : (KLON,KLEV)       ; SPECIFIC HUMIDITY PA/PA
30! PVIEW  : (KLON)            ; COSECANT OF VIEWING ANGLE
31!     ==== OUTPUTS ===
32! PABCU  :(KLON,NUA,3*KLEV+1); EFFECTIVE ABSORBER AMOUNTS
33
34!        IMPLICIT ARGUMENTS :   NONE
35!        --------------------
36
37!     METHOD.
38!     -------
39
40!          1. COMPUTES THE PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE WEIGHTED AMOUNTS OF
41!     ABSORBERS.
42
43!     EXTERNALS.
44!     ----------
45
46!          NONE
47
48!     REFERENCE.
49!     ----------
50
51!        SEE RADIATION'S PART OF THE MODEL'S DOCUMENTATION AND
52!        ECMWF RESEARCH DEPARTMENT DOCUMENTATION OF THE IFS
53
54!     AUTHOR.
55!     -------
56!        JEAN-JACQUES MORCRETTE  *ECMWF*
57
58!     MODIFICATIONS.
59!     --------------
60!        ORIGINAL : 89-07-14
61!        JJ Morcrette 97-04-18 Revised Continuum + Clean-up
62!        M.Hamrud      01-Oct-2003 CY28 Cleaning
63
64!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
65
66USE PARKIND1  ,ONLY : JPIM     ,JPRB
67USE YOMHOOK   ,ONLY : LHOOK,   DR_HOOK
68
69USE YOMCST   , ONLY : RG
70USE YOESW    , ONLY : RAER
71USE YOELW    , ONLY : NSIL     ,NUA      ,NG1      ,NG1P1    ,&
72 & ALWT     ,BLWT     ,RO3T     ,RT1      ,TREF     ,&
73 & RVGCO2   ,RVGH2O   ,RVGO3
74!USE YOERDI   , ONLY : RCH4     ,RN2O     ,RCFC11   ,RCFC12
75USE YOERDU   , ONLY : R10E     ,REPSCO   ,REPSCQ
76USE lmdz_reprobus_wrappers, ONLY: rch42d, rn2o2d, rcfc112d, rcfc122d, ok_rtime2d
77USE infotrac_phy, ONLY : type_trac
78USE lmdz_cppkeys_wrapper, ONLY: CPPKEY_REPROBUS
79! Temporary fix waiting for cleaner interface (or not)
80USE clesphys_mod_h, ONLY: NSW, RCFC11, RCFC12,  RCH4, RN2O
81
82IMPLICIT NONE
83
84INTEGER(KIND=JPIM),INTENT(IN)    :: KLON
85INTEGER(KIND=JPIM),INTENT(IN)    :: KLEV
86INTEGER(KIND=JPIM),INTENT(IN)    :: KIDIA
87INTEGER(KIND=JPIM),INTENT(IN)    :: KFDIA
88REAL(KIND=JPRB)   ,INTENT(IN)    :: PAER(KLON,6,KLEV)
89REAL(KIND=JPRB)   ,INTENT(IN)    :: PCCO2
90REAL(KIND=JPRB)   ,INTENT(IN)    :: PDP(KLON,KLEV)
91REAL(KIND=JPRB)   ,INTENT(IN)    :: PPMB(KLON,KLEV+1)
92REAL(KIND=JPRB)   ,INTENT(IN)    :: PQOF(KLON,KLEV)
93REAL(KIND=JPRB)   ,INTENT(IN)    :: PTAVE(KLON,KLEV)
94REAL(KIND=JPRB)   ,INTENT(IN)    :: PVIEW(KLON)
95REAL(KIND=JPRB)   ,INTENT(IN)    :: PWV(KLON,KLEV)
96REAL(KIND=JPRB)   ,INTENT(OUT)   :: PABCU(KLON,NUA,3*KLEV+1)
97
98!!include "clesphys.h"
99!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
100
101!*       0.1   ARGUMENTS
102!              ---------
103
104!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
105
106!              ------------
107REAL(KIND=JPRB) :: ZABLY(KLON,7,3*KLEV+1)  , ZDPM(KLON,3*KLEV)&
108 & ,  ZDUC(KLON, 3*KLEV+1)    , ZFACT(KLON)&
109 & ,  ZUPM(KLON,3*KLEV)
110REAL(KIND=JPRB) :: ZPHIO(KLON),ZPSC2(KLON) , ZPSC3(KLON), ZPSH1(KLON)&
111 & ,  ZPSH2(KLON),ZPSH3(KLON) , ZPSH4(KLON), ZPSH5(KLON)&
112 & ,  ZPSH6(KLON),ZPSIO(KLON) , ZTCON(KLON)&
113 & ,  ZPHM6(KLON),ZPSM6(KLON) , ZPHN6(KLON), ZPSN6(KLON)
114REAL(KIND=JPRB) :: ZSSIG(KLON,3*KLEV+1)    , ZTAVI(KLON)&
115 & ,  ZUAER(KLON,NSIL)        , ZXOZ(KLON) , ZXWV(KLON)
116
117INTEGER(KIND=JPIM) :: IAE1, IAE2, IAE3, IC, ICP1, IG1, IJ, IJPN,&
118 & IKIP1, IKJ, IKJP, IKJPN, IKJR, IKL, JA, JAE, &
119 & JK, JKI, JKK, JL
120
121REAL(KIND=JPRB) :: ZALUP, ZCAC8, ZCAH1, ZCAH2, ZCAH3, ZCAH4,&
122 & ZCAH5, ZCAH6, ZCBC8, ZCBH1, ZCBH2, ZCBH3, &
123 & ZCBH4, ZCBH5, ZCBH6, ZDIFF, ZDPMG, ZDPMP0, &
124 & ZFPPW, ZTX, ZTX2, ZU6, ZUP, ZUPMCO2, ZUPMG, &
125 & ZUPMH2O, ZUPMO3, ZZABLY
126REAL(KIND=JPRB) :: ZHOOK_HANDLE
127
128
129!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
130
131!*         1.    INITIALIZATION
132!                --------------
133
134!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
135
136!*         2.    PRESSURE OVER GAUSS SUB-LEVELS
137!                ------------------------------
138
139IF (LHOOK) CALL DR_HOOK('LWU',0,ZHOOK_HANDLE)
140DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
141  ZSSIG(JL, 1 ) = PPMB(JL,1) * 100._JPRB
142ENDDO
143
144DO JK = 1 , KLEV
145  IKJ=(JK-1)*NG1P1+1
146  IKJR = IKJ
147  IKJP = IKJ + NG1P1
148  DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
149    ZSSIG(JL,IKJP)=PPMB(JL,JK+1)* 100._JPRB
150  ENDDO
151  DO IG1=1,NG1
152    IKJ=IKJ+1
153    DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
154      ZSSIG(JL,IKJ)= (ZSSIG(JL,IKJR) + ZSSIG(JL,IKJP)) * 0.5_JPRB &
155       & + RT1(IG1) * (ZSSIG(JL,IKJP) - ZSSIG(JL,IKJR)) * 0.5_JPRB
156    ENDDO
157  ENDDO
158ENDDO
159
160!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
161
162!*         4.    PRESSURE THICKNESS AND MEAN PRESSURE OF SUB-LAYERS
163!                --------------------------------------------------
164
165DO JKI=1,3*KLEV
166  IKIP1=JKI+1
167  DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
168    ZUPM(JL,JKI)=(ZSSIG(JL,JKI)+ZSSIG(JL,IKIP1))*0.5_JPRB
169    ZDPM(JL,JKI)=(ZSSIG(JL,JKI)-ZSSIG(JL,IKIP1))/(10._JPRB*RG)
170  ENDDO
171ENDDO
172
173DO JK = 1 , KLEV
174  IKL = KLEV+1 - JK
175  DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
176    ZXWV(JL) = MAX (PWV(JL,IKL) , REPSCQ )
177    ZXOZ(JL) = MAX (PQOF(JL,IKL) / PDP(JL,IKL) , REPSCO )
178  ENDDO
179  IKJ=(JK-1)*NG1P1+1
180  IKJPN=IKJ+NG1
181  DO JKK=IKJ,IKJPN
182    DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
183      ZDPMG = ZDPM(JL,JKK)
184      ZDPMP0 = ZDPMG / 101325._JPRB
185      ZUPMG = ZUPM(JL,JKK) * ZDPMP0
186      ZUPMCO2 = ( ZUPM(JL,JKK) + RVGCO2 ) * ZDPMP0
187      ZUPMH2O = ( ZUPM(JL,JKK) + RVGH2O ) * ZDPMP0
188      ZUPMO3  = ( ZUPM(JL,JKK) + RVGO3  ) * ZDPMP0
189      ZDUC(JL,JKK) = ZDPMG
190      ZABLY(JL,6,JKK) = ZXOZ(JL) * ZDPMG
191      ZABLY(JL,7,JKK) = ZXOZ(JL) * ZUPMO3
192      ZU6 = ZXWV(JL) * ZUPMG
193      ZFPPW = 1.6078_JPRB * ZXWV(JL) / (1.0_JPRB+0.608_JPRB*ZXWV(JL))
194      ZABLY(JL,1,JKK)  = ZXWV(JL) * ZUPMH2O
195      ZABLY(JL,5,JKK) = ZU6 * ZFPPW
196      ZABLY(JL,4,JKK) = ZU6 * (1.0_JPRB-ZFPPW)
197      ZABLY(JL,3,JKK)  = PCCO2 * ZUPMCO2
198      ZABLY(JL,2,JKK)  = PCCO2 * ZDPMG
199    ENDDO
200  ENDDO
201ENDDO
202
203!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
204
205!*         5.    CUMULATIVE ABSORBER AMOUNTS FROM TOP OF ATMOSPHERE
206!                --------------------------------------------------
207
208DO JA = 1, NUA
209  DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
210    PABCU(JL,JA,3*KLEV+1) = 0.0_JPRB
211  ENDDO
212ENDDO
213
214DO JK = 1 , KLEV
215  IJ=(JK-1)*NG1P1+1
216  IJPN=IJ+NG1
217  IKL=KLEV+1-JK
218
219!*         5.1  CUMULATIVE AEROSOL AMOUNTS FROM TOP OF ATMOSPHERE
220!               --------------------------------------------------
221! --            NB: 'PAER' AEROSOLS ARE ENTERED FROM TOP TO BOTTOM
222
223  IAE1=3*KLEV+1-IJ
224  IAE2=3*KLEV+1-(IJ+1)
225  IAE3=3*KLEV+1-IJPN
226! print *,'IAE1= ',IAE1
227! print *,'IAE2= ',IAE2
228! print *,'IAE3= ',IAE3
229! print *,'KIDIA= ',KIDIA
230! print *,'KFDIA= ',KFDIA
231! print *,'KLEV= ',KLEV
232  DO JAE=1,6
233    DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
234!   print *,'JL= ',JL,'-JAE= ',JAE,'-JK= ',JK,'-NSIL= ',NSIL
235      ZUAER(JL,JAE) =&
236       & (RAER(JAE,1)*PAER(JL,1,JK)+RAER(JAE,2)*PAER(JL,2,JK)&
237       & +RAER(JAE,3)*PAER(JL,3,JK)+RAER(JAE,4)*PAER(JL,4,JK)&
238       & +RAER(JAE,5)*PAER(JL,5,JK)+RAER(JAE,6)*PAER(JL,6,JK))&
239       & /(ZDUC(JL,IAE1)+ZDUC(JL,IAE2)+ZDUC(JL,IAE3))
240    ENDDO
241  ENDDO
242
243!*         5.2  INTRODUCES TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON ABSORBER AMOUNTS
244!               --------------------------------------------------
245
246  DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
247    ZTAVI(JL)=PTAVE(JL,IKL)
248    ZFACT(JL)=1.0_JPRB-ZTAVI(JL)/296._JPRB
249    ZTCON(JL)=EXP(6.08_JPRB*(296._JPRB/ZTAVI(JL)-1.0_JPRB))
250!     ZTCON(JL)=EXP(6.08*ZFACT(JL))
251    ZTX=ZTAVI(JL)-TREF
252    ZTX2=ZTX*ZTX
253    ZZABLY = ZABLY(JL,1,IAE1)+ZABLY(JL,1,IAE2)+ZABLY(JL,1,IAE3)
254    ZUP=MIN( MAX( 0.5_JPRB*R10E*LOG( ZZABLY ) + 5._JPRB, 0.0_JPRB), 6.0_JPRB)
255    ZCAH1=ALWT(1,1)+ZUP*(ALWT(1,2)+ZUP*(ALWT(1,3)))
256    ZCBH1=BLWT(1,1)+ZUP*(BLWT(1,2)+ZUP*(BLWT(1,3)))
257    ZPSH1(JL)=EXP( ZCAH1 * ZTX + ZCBH1 * ZTX2 )
258    ZCAH2=ALWT(2,1)+ZUP*(ALWT(2,2)+ZUP*(ALWT(2,3)))
259    ZCBH2=BLWT(2,1)+ZUP*(BLWT(2,2)+ZUP*(BLWT(2,3)))
260    ZPSH2(JL)=EXP( ZCAH2 * ZTX + ZCBH2 * ZTX2 )
261    ZCAH3=ALWT(3,1)+ZUP*(ALWT(3,2)+ZUP*(ALWT(3,3)))
262    ZCBH3=BLWT(3,1)+ZUP*(BLWT(3,2)+ZUP*(BLWT(3,3)))
263    ZPSH3(JL)=EXP( ZCAH3 * ZTX + ZCBH3 * ZTX2 )
264    ZCAH4=ALWT(4,1)+ZUP*(ALWT(4,2)+ZUP*(ALWT(4,3)))
265    ZCBH4=BLWT(4,1)+ZUP*(BLWT(4,2)+ZUP*(BLWT(4,3)))
266    ZPSH4(JL)=EXP( ZCAH4 * ZTX + ZCBH4 * ZTX2 )
267    ZCAH5=ALWT(5,1)+ZUP*(ALWT(5,2)+ZUP*(ALWT(5,3)))
268    ZCBH5=BLWT(5,1)+ZUP*(BLWT(5,2)+ZUP*(BLWT(5,3)))
269    ZPSH5(JL)=EXP( ZCAH5 * ZTX + ZCBH5 * ZTX2 )
270    ZCAH6=ALWT(6,1)+ZUP*(ALWT(6,2)+ZUP*(ALWT(6,3)))
271    ZCBH6=BLWT(6,1)+ZUP*(BLWT(6,2)+ZUP*(BLWT(6,3)))
272    ZPSH6(JL)=EXP( ZCAH6 * ZTX + ZCBH6 * ZTX2 )
273    ZPHM6(JL)=EXP(-5.81E-4_JPRB * ZTX - 1.13E-6_JPRB * ZTX2 )
274    ZPSM6(JL)=EXP(-5.57E-4_JPRB * ZTX - 3.30E-6_JPRB * ZTX2 )
275    ZPHN6(JL)=EXP(-3.46E-5_JPRB * ZTX + 2.05E-7_JPRB * ZTX2 )
276    ZPSN6(JL)=EXP( 3.70E-3_JPRB * ZTX - 2.30E-6_JPRB * ZTX2 )
277  ENDDO
278
279  DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
280    ZTAVI(JL)=PTAVE(JL,IKL)
281    ZTX=ZTAVI(JL)-TREF
282    ZTX2=ZTX*ZTX
283    ZZABLY = ZABLY(JL,3,IAE1)+ZABLY(JL,3,IAE2)+ZABLY(JL,3,IAE3)
284    ZALUP = R10E * LOG ( ZZABLY )
285    ZUP   = MAX( 0.0_JPRB , 5.0_JPRB + 0.5_JPRB * ZALUP )
286    ZPSC2(JL) = (ZTAVI(JL)/TREF) ** ZUP
287    ZCAC8=ALWT(8,1)+ZUP*(ALWT(8,2)+ZUP*(ALWT(8,3)))
288    ZCBC8=BLWT(8,1)+ZUP*(BLWT(8,2)+ZUP*(BLWT(8,3)))
289    ZPSC3(JL)=EXP( ZCAC8 * ZTX + ZCBC8 * ZTX2 )
290    ZPHIO(JL) = EXP( RO3T(1) * ZTX + RO3T(2) * ZTX2)
291    ZPSIO(JL) = EXP( 2.0_JPRB* (RO3T(3)*ZTX+RO3T(4)*ZTX2))
292  ENDDO
293
294  DO JKK=IJ,IJPN
295    IC=3*KLEV+1-JKK
296    ICP1=IC+1
297    DO JL = KIDIA,KFDIA
298      ZDIFF = PVIEW(JL)
299!- H2O continuum
300      PABCU(JL,10,IC)=PABCU(JL,10,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,4,IC)          *ZDIFF
301      PABCU(JL,11,IC)=PABCU(JL,11,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,5,IC)*ZTCON(JL)*ZDIFF
302!- O3
303      PABCU(JL,12,IC)=PABCU(JL,12,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,6,IC)*ZPHIO(JL)*ZDIFF
304      PABCU(JL,13,IC)=PABCU(JL,13,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,7,IC)*ZPSIO(JL)*ZDIFF
305!- CO2
306      PABCU(JL,7,IC)=PABCU(JL,7,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,3,IC)*ZPSC2(JL)*ZDIFF
307      PABCU(JL,8,IC)=PABCU(JL,8,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,3,IC)*ZPSC3(JL)*ZDIFF
308      PABCU(JL,9,IC)=PABCU(JL,9,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,3,IC)*ZPSC3(JL)*ZDIFF
309!- H2O
310      PABCU(JL,1,IC)=PABCU(JL,1,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,1,IC)*ZPSH1(JL)
311      PABCU(JL,2,IC)=PABCU(JL,2,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,1,IC)*ZPSH2(JL)
312      PABCU(JL,3,IC)=PABCU(JL,3,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,1,IC)*ZPSH5(JL)*ZDIFF
313      PABCU(JL,4,IC)=PABCU(JL,4,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,1,IC)*ZPSH3(JL)
314      PABCU(JL,5,IC)=PABCU(JL,5,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,1,IC)*ZPSH4(JL)
315      PABCU(JL,6,IC)=PABCU(JL,6,ICP1)+ ZABLY(JL,1,IC)*ZPSH6(JL)*ZDIFF
316!- aerosols
317      PABCU(JL,14,IC)=PABCU(JL,14,ICP1)+ ZUAER(JL,1)    *ZDUC(JL,IC)*ZDIFF
318      PABCU(JL,15,IC)=PABCU(JL,15,ICP1)+ ZUAER(JL,2)    *ZDUC(JL,IC)*ZDIFF
319      PABCU(JL,16,IC)=PABCU(JL,16,ICP1)+ ZUAER(JL,3)    *ZDUC(JL,IC)*ZDIFF
320      PABCU(JL,17,IC)=PABCU(JL,17,ICP1)+ ZUAER(JL,4)    *ZDUC(JL,IC)*ZDIFF
321      PABCU(JL,18,IC)=PABCU(JL,18,ICP1)+ ZUAER(JL,5)    *ZDUC(JL,IC)*ZDIFF
322        IF (CPPKEY_REPROBUS .AND. type_trac=='repr'.AND. ok_rtime2d) THEN
323!- CH4
324      PABCU(JL,19,IC)=PABCU(JL,19,ICP1)&
325       & + ZABLY(JL,2,IC)*RCH42D(JL, IC)/PCCO2*ZPHM6(JL)*ZDIFF
326      PABCU(JL,20,IC)=PABCU(JL,20,ICP1)&
327       & + ZABLY(JL,3,IC)*RCH42D(JL, IC)/PCCO2*ZPSM6(JL)*ZDIFF
328!- N2O
329      PABCU(JL,21,IC)=PABCU(JL,21,ICP1)&
330       & + ZABLY(JL,2,IC)*RN2O2D(JL, IC)/PCCO2*ZPHN6(JL)*ZDIFF
331      PABCU(JL,22,IC)=PABCU(JL,22,ICP1)&
332       & + ZABLY(JL,3,IC)*RN2O2D(JL, IC)/PCCO2*ZPSN6(JL)*ZDIFF
333!- CFC11
334      PABCU(JL,23,IC)=PABCU(JL,23,ICP1)&
335       & + ZABLY(JL,2,IC)*RCFC112D(JL, IC)/PCCO2        *ZDIFF
336!- CFC12
337      PABCU(JL,24,IC)=PABCU(JL,24,ICP1)&
338       & + ZABLY(JL,2,IC)*RCFC122D(JL, IC)/PCCO2        *ZDIFF
339
340         ELSE
341!- CH4
342      PABCU(JL,19,IC)=PABCU(JL,19,ICP1)&
343       & + ZABLY(JL,2,IC)*RCH4/PCCO2*ZPHM6(JL)*ZDIFF
344      PABCU(JL,20,IC)=PABCU(JL,20,ICP1)&
345       & + ZABLY(JL,3,IC)*RCH4/PCCO2*ZPSM6(JL)*ZDIFF
346!- N2O
347      PABCU(JL,21,IC)=PABCU(JL,21,ICP1)&
348       & + ZABLY(JL,2,IC)*RN2O/PCCO2*ZPHN6(JL)*ZDIFF
349      PABCU(JL,22,IC)=PABCU(JL,22,ICP1)&
350       & + ZABLY(JL,3,IC)*RN2O/PCCO2*ZPSN6(JL)*ZDIFF
351!- CFC11
352      PABCU(JL,23,IC)=PABCU(JL,23,ICP1)&
353       & + ZABLY(JL,2,IC)*RCFC11/PCCO2        *ZDIFF
354!- CFC12
355      PABCU(JL,24,IC)=PABCU(JL,24,ICP1)&
356       & + ZABLY(JL,2,IC)*RCFC12/PCCO2        *ZDIFF
357        END IF
358    ENDDO
359  ENDDO
360
361ENDDO
362!      print *,'END OF LWU'
363
364
365
366!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
367
368IF (LHOOK) CALL DR_HOOK('LWU',1,ZHOOK_HANDLE)
369END SUBROUTINE LWU
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