1 | MODULE traccoag_mod |
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2 | ! |
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3 | ! This module calculates the concentration of aerosol particles in certain size bins |
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4 | ! considering coagulation and sedimentation. |
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5 | ! |
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6 | CONTAINS |
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7 | |
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8 | SUBROUTINE traccoag(pdtphys, gmtime, debutphy, julien, & |
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9 | presnivs, xlat, xlon, pphis, pphi, & |
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10 | t_seri, pplay, paprs, sh, rh , & |
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11 | tr_seri) |
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12 | |
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13 | USE phys_local_var_mod, ONLY: mdw, sulf_convert, sulf_nucl, sulf_cond_evap, & |
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14 | & sfluxaer, ocs_convert, R2SO4, DENSO4, f_r_wet, SO2_backgr_tend, OCS_backgr_tend, & |
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15 | & OCS_lifetime, SO2_lifetime, surf_PM25_sulf |
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16 | |
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17 | USE dimphy |
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18 | USE infotrac |
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19 | USE aerophys |
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20 | USE geometry_mod, ONLY : cell_area |
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21 | USE mod_grid_phy_lmdz |
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22 | USE mod_phys_lmdz_mpi_data, ONLY : is_mpi_root |
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23 | USE mod_phys_lmdz_para, only: gather, scatter |
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24 | USE phys_cal_mod |
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25 | USE sulfate_aer_mod |
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26 | USE nucleate_mod |
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27 | USE phys_local_var_mod, ONLY: stratomask |
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28 | USE sulfate_aer_mod, ONLY : stracomp, denh2sa |
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29 | USE YOMCST |
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30 | |
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31 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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32 | |
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33 | ! Input argument |
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34 | !--------------- |
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35 | REAL,INTENT(IN) :: pdtphys ! Pas d'integration pour la physique (seconde) |
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36 | REAL,INTENT(IN) :: gmtime ! Heure courante |
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37 | LOGICAL,INTENT(IN) :: debutphy ! le flag de l'initialisation de la physique |
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38 | INTEGER,INTENT(IN) :: julien ! Jour julien |
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39 | |
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40 | REAL,DIMENSION(klev),INTENT(IN) :: presnivs! pressions approximat. des milieux couches (en PA) |
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41 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon),INTENT(IN) :: xlat ! latitudes pour chaque point |
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42 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon),INTENT(IN) :: xlon ! longitudes pour chaque point |
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43 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon),INTENT(IN) :: pphis ! geopotentiel du sol |
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44 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev),INTENT(IN) :: pphi ! geopotentiel de chaque couche |
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45 | |
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46 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev),INTENT(IN) :: t_seri ! Temperature |
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47 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev),INTENT(IN) :: pplay ! pression pour le mileu de chaque couche (en Pa) |
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48 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev+1),INTENT(IN) :: paprs ! pression pour chaque inter-couche (en Pa) |
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49 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev),INTENT(IN) :: sh ! humidite specifique |
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50 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev),INTENT(IN) :: rh ! humidite relative |
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51 | |
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52 | ! Output argument |
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53 | !---------------- |
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54 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev,nbtr),INTENT(INOUT) :: tr_seri ! Concentration Traceur [U/KgA] |
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55 | |
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56 | ! Local variables |
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57 | !---------------- |
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58 | ! flag for sulfur emission scenario: (0) background aerosol ; (1) volcanic eruption ; (2) stratospheric aerosol injections (SAI) |
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59 | INTEGER,PARAMETER :: flag_sulf_emit=2 |
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60 | ! |
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61 | !--flag_sulf_emit=1 --example Pinatubo |
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62 | INTEGER,PARAMETER :: year_emit_vol=1991 ! year of emission date |
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63 | INTEGER,PARAMETER :: mth_emit_vol=6 ! month of emission date |
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64 | INTEGER,PARAMETER :: day_emit_vol=15 ! day of emission date |
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65 | REAL,PARAMETER :: m_aer_emiss_vol=7.e9 ! emitted sulfur mass in kgS, e.g. 7Tg(S)=14Tg(SO2) |
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66 | REAL,PARAMETER :: altemiss_vol=17.e3 ! emission altitude in m |
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67 | REAL,PARAMETER :: sigma_alt_vol=1.e3 ! standard deviation of emission altitude in m |
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68 | REAL,PARAMETER :: xlat_vol=15.14 ! latitude of volcano in degree |
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69 | REAL,PARAMETER :: xlon_vol=120.35 ! longitude of volcano in degree |
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70 | |
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71 | !--flag_sulf_emit=2 --SAI |
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72 | REAL,PARAMETER :: m_aer_emiss_sai=1.e10 ! emitted sulfur mass in kgS, eg 1e9=1TgS, 1e10=10TgS |
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73 | REAL,PARAMETER :: altemiss_sai=17.e3 ! emission altitude in m |
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74 | REAL,PARAMETER :: sigma_alt_sai=1.e3 ! standard deviation of emission altitude in m |
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75 | REAL,PARAMETER :: xlat_sai=0.0 ! latitude of SAI in degree |
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76 | REAL,PARAMETER :: xlon_sai=120.35 ! longitude of SAI in degree |
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77 | |
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78 | !--be careful - this needs to be changed with resolution - here for 96x95 |
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79 | REAL,PARAMETER :: dlat=0.9474 ! d latitude in degree |
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80 | REAL,PARAMETER :: dlon=1.875 ! d longitude in degree |
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81 | |
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82 | !--other local variables |
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83 | INTEGER :: it, k, i, ilon, ilev, itime, i_int |
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84 | LOGICAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev) :: is_strato ! true = above tropopause, false = below |
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85 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev) :: m_air_gridbox ! mass of air in every grid box [kg] |
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86 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon_glo,klev,nbtr) :: tr_seri_glo ! Concentration Traceur [U/KgA] |
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87 | REAL,DIMENSION(klev+1) :: altLMDz ! altitude of layer interfaces in m |
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88 | REAL,DIMENSION(klev) :: f_lay_emiss ! fraction of emission for every vertical layer |
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89 | REAL :: f_lay_sum ! sum of layer emission fractions |
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90 | REAL :: alt_lower ! integral boundary for Gaussian emission profile in altitude |
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91 | REAL :: alt_upper ! integral boundary for Gaussian emission profile in altitude |
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92 | INTEGER,PARAMETER :: n_int_alt=10 ! number of subintervals for integration over Gaussian emission profile |
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93 | REAL,DIMENSION(nbtr_bin) :: r_bin ! particle radius in size bin [m] |
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94 | REAL,DIMENSION(nbtr_bin) :: r_lower ! particle radius at lower bin boundary [m] |
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95 | REAL,DIMENSION(nbtr_bin) :: r_upper ! particle radius at upper bin boundary [m] |
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96 | REAL,DIMENSION(nbtr_bin) :: m_part_dry ! mass of one dry particle in size bin [kg] |
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97 | REAL :: zrho ! Density of air [kg/m3] |
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98 | REAL :: zdz ! thickness of atm. model layer in m |
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99 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev) :: dens_aer ! density of aerosol particles [kg/m3 aerosol] with default H2SO4 mass fraction |
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100 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev) :: sulf_convert_sub ! SO2 converted to H2SO4 [kg(S)/m2/layer/s] |
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101 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev) :: sulf_nucl_sub ! H2SO4 converted from gas to particles [kg(S)/m2/layer/s] |
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102 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev) :: ocs_convert_sub ! OCS converted to SO2 [kg(S)/m2/layer/s] |
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103 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev) :: SO2_backgr_tend_sub ! SO2 from background [kg(S)/m2/layer/s] |
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104 | REAL,DIMENSION(klon,klev) :: OCS_backgr_tend_sub ! OCS from background [kg(S)/m2/layer/s] |
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105 | |
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106 | IF (is_mpi_root) THEN |
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107 | PRINT *,'in traccoag: date from phys_cal_mod =',year_cur,'-',mth_cur,'-',day_cur,'-',hour |
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108 | ENDIF |
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109 | |
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110 | DO it=1, nbtr_bin |
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111 | r_bin(it)=mdw(it)/2. |
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112 | ENDDO |
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113 | |
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114 | !--set boundaries of size bins |
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115 | DO it=1, nbtr_bin |
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116 | IF (it.EQ.1) THEN |
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117 | r_upper(it)=sqrt(r_bin(it+1)*r_bin(it)) |
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118 | r_lower(it)=r_bin(it)**2./r_upper(it) |
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119 | ELSEIF (it.EQ.nbtr_bin) THEN |
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120 | r_lower(it)=sqrt(r_bin(it)*r_bin(it-1)) |
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121 | r_upper(it)=r_bin(it)**2./r_lower(it) |
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122 | ELSE |
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123 | r_lower(it)=sqrt(r_bin(it)*r_bin(it-1)) |
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124 | r_upper(it)=sqrt(r_bin(it+1)*r_bin(it)) |
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125 | ENDIF |
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126 | ENDDO |
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127 | |
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128 | IF (debutphy .and. is_mpi_root) THEN |
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129 | DO it=1, nbtr_bin |
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130 | PRINT *,'radius bin', it, ':', r_bin(it), '(from', r_lower(it), 'to', r_upper(it), ')' |
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131 | ENDDO |
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132 | ENDIF |
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133 | |
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134 | !--initialising logical is_strato from stratomask |
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135 | is_strato(:,:)=.FALSE. |
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136 | WHERE (stratomask(:,:).GT.0.5) is_strato(:,:)=.TRUE. |
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137 | |
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138 | ! STRACOMP (H2O, P, t_seri -> aerosol composition (R2SO4)) |
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139 | ! H2SO4 mass fraction in aerosol (%) |
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140 | CALL stracomp(sh,t_seri,pplay) |
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141 | |
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142 | ! aerosol density (gr/cm3) |
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143 | CALL denh2sa(t_seri) |
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144 | |
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145 | ! compute factor for converting dry to wet radius (for every grid box) |
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146 | f_r_wet(:,:) = (dens_aer_dry/(DENSO4(:,:)*1000.)/(R2SO4(:,:)/100.))**(1./3.) |
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147 | |
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148 | !--calculate mass of air in every grid box |
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149 | DO ilon=1, klon |
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150 | DO ilev=1, klev |
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151 | m_air_gridbox(ilon,ilev)=(paprs(ilon,ilev)-paprs(ilon,ilev+1)) / RG * cell_area(ilon) |
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152 | ENDDO |
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153 | ENDDO |
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154 | |
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155 | IF (debutphy) THEN |
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156 | CALL gather(tr_seri, tr_seri_glo) |
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157 | IF (MAXVAL(tr_seri_glo).LT.1.e-30) THEN |
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158 | !--initialising tracer concentrations to zero |
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159 | DO it=1, nbtr |
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160 | tr_seri(:,:,it)=0.0 |
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161 | ENDDO |
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162 | ENDIF |
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163 | ENDIF |
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164 | |
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165 | !--sulfur emission, depending on chosen scenario (flag_sulf_emit) |
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166 | SELECT CASE(flag_sulf_emit) |
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167 | |
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168 | CASE(0) ! background aerosol |
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169 | ! do nothing (no emission) |
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170 | |
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171 | CASE(1) ! volcanic eruption |
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172 | !--only emit on day of eruption |
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173 | ! stretch emission over one day of Pinatubo eruption |
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174 | IF (year_cur==year_emit_vol.AND.mth_cur==mth_emit_vol.AND.day_cur==day_emit_vol) THEN |
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175 | ! |
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176 | DO i=1,klon |
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177 | !Pinatubo eruption at 15.14N, 120.35E |
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178 | IF ( xlat(i).GT.xlat_vol-dlat .AND. xlat(i).LT.xlat_vol+dlat .AND. & |
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179 | xlon(i).GT.xlon_vol-dlon .AND. xlon(i).LT.xlon_vol+dlon ) THEN |
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180 | ! compute altLMDz |
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181 | altLMDz(:)=0.0 |
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182 | DO k=1, klev |
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183 | zrho=pplay(i,k)/t_seri(i,k)/RD !air density in kg/m3 |
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184 | zdz=(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/zrho/RG !thickness of layer in m |
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185 | altLMDz(k+1)=altLMDz(k)+zdz |
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186 | ENDDO |
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187 | !compute distribution of emission to vertical model layers (based on Gaussian peak in altitude) |
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188 | f_lay_sum=0.0 |
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189 | DO k=1, klev |
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190 | f_lay_emiss(k)=0.0 |
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191 | alt_lower=altLMDz(k) |
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192 | DO i_int=1, n_int_alt |
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193 | alt_upper=alt_lower+(altLMDz(k+1)-altLMDz(k))/float(n_int_alt) |
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194 | f_lay_emiss(k)=f_lay_emiss(k)+1./(sqrt(2.*RPI)*sigma_alt_vol)* & |
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195 | & (exp(-0.5*((altemiss_vol-alt_lower)/sigma_alt_vol)**2.)+ & |
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196 | & exp(-0.5*((alt_upper-altemiss_vol)/sigma_alt_vol)**2.))* & |
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197 | & (alt_upper-alt_lower)/2. |
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198 | ENDDO |
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199 | f_lay_sum=f_lay_sum+f_lay_emiss(k) |
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200 | ENDDO |
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201 | !correct for step integration error |
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202 | f_lay_emiss(:)=f_lay_emiss(:)/f_lay_sum |
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203 | !emission as SO2 gas (with m(SO2)=64/32*m_aer_emiss) |
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204 | !vertically distributed emission |
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205 | DO k=1, klev |
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206 | tr_seri(i,k,id_SO2_strat)=tr_seri(i,k,id_SO2_strat)+ & |
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207 | & m_aer_emiss_vol*(mSO2mol/mSatom)/m_air_gridbox(i,k)*f_lay_emiss(k) & |
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208 | & /(1.*86400./pdtphys) ! stretch emission over one day of Pinatubo eruption |
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209 | ENDDO |
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210 | ENDIF ! emission grid cell |
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211 | ENDDO ! klon loop |
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212 | ENDIF ! emission period |
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213 | |
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214 | CASE(2) ! stratospheric aerosol injections (SAI) |
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215 | ! |
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216 | DO i=1,klon |
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217 | ! SAI standard scenario with continuous emission from 1 grid point at the equator |
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218 | ! SAI emission on single month |
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219 | ! IF ((mth_cur==4 .AND. & |
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220 | ! SAI continuous emission o |
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221 | IF ( xlat(i).GT.xlat_sai-dlat .AND. xlat(i).LT.xlat_sai+dlat .AND. & |
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222 | & xlon(i).GT.xlon_sai-dlon .AND. xlon(i).LT.xlon_sai+dlon ) THEN |
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223 | ! compute altLMDz |
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224 | altLMDz(:)=0.0 |
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225 | DO k=1, klev |
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226 | zrho=pplay(i,k)/t_seri(i,k)/RD !air density in kg/m3 |
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227 | zdz=(paprs(i,k)-paprs(i,k+1))/zrho/RG !thickness of layer in m |
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228 | altLMDz(k+1)=altLMDz(k)+zdz |
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229 | ENDDO |
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230 | !compute distribution of emission to vertical model layers (based on Gaussian peak in altitude) |
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231 | f_lay_sum=0.0 |
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232 | DO k=1, klev |
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233 | f_lay_emiss(k)=0.0 |
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234 | alt_lower=altLMDz(k) |
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235 | DO i_int=1, n_int_alt |
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236 | alt_upper=alt_lower+(altLMDz(k+1)-altLMDz(k))/float(n_int_alt) |
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237 | f_lay_emiss(k)=f_lay_emiss(k)+1./(sqrt(2.*RPI)*sigma_alt_sai)* & |
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238 | & (exp(-0.5*((altemiss_sai-alt_lower)/sigma_alt_sai)**2.)+ & |
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239 | & exp(-0.5*((alt_upper-altemiss_sai)/sigma_alt_sai)**2.))* & |
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240 | & (alt_upper-alt_lower)/2. |
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241 | ENDDO |
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242 | f_lay_sum=f_lay_sum+f_lay_emiss(k) |
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243 | ENDDO |
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244 | !correct for step integration error |
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245 | f_lay_emiss(:)=f_lay_emiss(:)/f_lay_sum |
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246 | !emission as SO2 gas (with m(SO2)=64/32*m_aer_emiss) |
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247 | !vertically distributed emission |
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248 | DO k=1, klev |
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249 | tr_seri(i,k,id_SO2_strat)=tr_seri(i,k,id_SO2_strat)+ & |
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250 | & m_aer_emiss_sai*(mSO2mol/mSatom)/m_air_gridbox(i,k)*f_lay_emiss(k) & |
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251 | & /(360.*86400./pdtphys) ! stretch emission over whole year (360d) |
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252 | ! & /(60.*86400./pdtphys) ! stretch emission over 2 months (seasonal emission) |
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253 | ! & /7. ! distribute equally over 7 emission grid points |
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254 | ENDDO |
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255 | ! !emission as monodisperse particles with 0.1um dry radius (BIN21) |
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256 | ! !vertically distributed emission |
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257 | ! DO k=1, klev |
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258 | ! tr_seri(i,k,id_BIN01_strat+20)=tr_seri(i,k,id_BIN01_strat+20)+ & |
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259 | ! & m_aer_emiss*(mH2SO4mol/mSatom)/m_part_dry(21)/m_air_gridbox(i,k)*f_lay_emiss(k) & |
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260 | ! & /(360.*86400./pdtphys) & ! stretch emission over whole year (360d) |
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261 | ! & /7. ! distribute equally over 7 emission grid points |
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262 | ! ENDDO |
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263 | ENDIF ! emission grid cell |
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264 | ENDDO ! klon loop |
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265 | |
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266 | END SELECT ! emission scenario (flag_sulf_emit) |
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267 | |
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268 | !--read background concentrations of OCS and SO2 and lifetimes from input file |
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269 | SO2_backgr_tend_sub(:,:)=0.0 |
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270 | OCS_backgr_tend_sub(:,:)=0.0 |
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271 | CALL interp_sulf_input(debutphy,pdtphys,paprs,tr_seri,SO2_backgr_tend_sub, & |
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272 | & OCS_backgr_tend_sub,SO2_lifetime,OCS_lifetime) |
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273 | SO2_backgr_tend(:,:)=SO2_backgr_tend_sub(:,:) |
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274 | OCS_backgr_tend(:,:)=OCS_backgr_tend_sub(:,:) |
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275 | |
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276 | !--convert OCS to SO2 in the stratosphere |
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277 | ocs_convert_sub(:,:)=0.0 |
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278 | CALL ocs_to_so2(pdtphys,tr_seri,t_seri,pplay,paprs,sh,OCS_lifetime,is_strato,ocs_convert_sub) |
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279 | ocs_convert(:,:)=ocs_convert_sub(:,:) |
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280 | |
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281 | !--convert SO2 to H2SO4 |
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282 | sulf_convert_sub(:,:)=0.0 |
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283 | CALL so2_to_h2so4(pdtphys,tr_seri,t_seri,pplay,paprs,sh,SO2_lifetime,is_strato,sulf_convert_sub) |
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284 | sulf_convert(:,:)=sulf_convert_sub(:,:) |
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285 | |
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286 | !--common routine for nucleation and condensation/evaporation with adaptive timestep |
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287 | CALL micphy_tstep(pdtphys,tr_seri,t_seri,pplay,paprs,rh,is_strato) |
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288 | |
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289 | !--call coagulation routine |
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290 | CALL coagulate(pdtphys,mdw,tr_seri,t_seri,pplay,dens_aer,is_strato) |
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291 | |
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292 | !--call sedimentation routine |
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293 | CALL aer_sedimnt(pdtphys, t_seri, pplay, paprs, tr_seri, dens_aer) |
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294 | |
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295 | !--compute mass concentration of PM2.5 sulfate particles (wet diameter and mass) at the surface for health studies |
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296 | surf_PM25_sulf(:)=0.0 |
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297 | DO i=1,klon |
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298 | DO it=1, nbtr_bin |
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299 | IF (mdw(it) .LT. 2.5e-6) THEN |
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300 | !surf_PM25_sulf(i)=surf_PM25_sulf(i)+tr_seri(i,1,it+nbtr_sulgas)*m_part(i,1,it) & |
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301 | !assume that particles consist of ammonium sulfate at the surface (132g/mol) and are dry at T = 20 deg. C and 50 perc. humidity |
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302 | surf_PM25_sulf(i)=surf_PM25_sulf(i)+tr_seri(i,1,it+nbtr_sulgas) & |
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303 | & *132./98.*dens_aer_dry*4./3.*RPI*(mdw(it)/2.)**3 & |
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304 | & *pplay(i,1)/t_seri(i,1)/RD*1e9 |
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305 | ENDIF |
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306 | ENDDO |
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307 | ENDDO |
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308 | |
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309 | END SUBROUTINE traccoag |
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310 | |
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311 | END MODULE traccoag_mod |
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